A two-tier bioinformatic pipeline to develop probes for target capture of nuclear loci with applications in Melastomataceae

<p><b><i>Premise of the study</i></b><b>: </b>Putatively single-copy nuclear (SCN) loci, identified using genomic resources of closely related species, are ideal for phylogenomic inference. However, suitable genomic resources are not available for many clades, including Melastomataceae. We introduce a versatile approach to identify SCN loci for clades with few genomic resources and use it to develop probes for target enrichment<i> </i>in the distantly related <i>Memecylon</i> and <i>Tibouchina</i> (Melastomataceae).</p> <p><b><i>Methods</i></b>: We present a two-tiered pipeline. First, we identified putatively SCN loci using MarkerMiner and transcriptomes from distantly related species in Melastomataceae. Published loci and genes of functional significance were added (384 total loci). Second, using HybPiper, we retrieved 689 homologous template sequences for these loci using genome-skimming data from within the focal clades.</p> <p><b><i>Results</i></b>: We sequenced 193 loci from both <i>Memecylon</i> and <i>Tibouchina</i>, with probes designed from 56 template sequences successfully targeting sequences in both clades. Probes designed from genome-skimming data within a focal clade were more successful than probes designed from other sources.</p> <p><b><i>Discussion: </i></b>Our pipeline successfully identified and targeted SCN loci in <i>Memecylon </i>and <i>Tibouchina</i>, enabling phylogenomic studies in both clades and potentially across Melastomataceae. This pipeline could be easily applied to other clades with few genomic resources. </p>