Fig. 1 in Nests and Brood Balls of Two South American Species ofSulcophanaeusOlsoufieff, 1924 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)

Fig. 1. Nests of Sulcophanaeus menelas and Sulcophanaeus imperator. A–C) Three morphologies of S. menelas nests: L-shaped tunnel partially filled with dung (A), straight and almost vertical tunnel containing a female (white arrow) (B), forked tunnel composed of two inclined branches provisioned with meniscate dung (C) (scale bars = 5 cm), D–E) Nesting chambers of S. menelas: shallow chamber laterally connected to a horizontal, angled tunnel (scale bar = 5 cm) (D) and deeper, closed chamber containing a brood ball located with the plug slightly inclined from the vertical axis (scale bar = 1 cm) (E), F–G) Branched nests of S. imperator composed of horizontal and shallow tunnels: T-shaped tunnel showing dung (black arrow) provisioned in the long branch and a female (white arrow) in a third parallel burrow (spatula = 25 cm) (F) and four interconnected tunnels, one of them Y-shaped (calipers = 21 cm) (G).