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Figure 4. Piercing-sucking mandibles. A–C in REVIEW Going underwater: multiple origins and functional morphology of piercing-sucking feeding and tracheal system adaptations in water scavenger beetle larvae (Coleoptera: Hydrophiloidea)

Figure 4. Piercing-sucking mandibles. A–C, Hybogralius hartmeyeri (Régimbart, 1908), third-instar larva, light microscope photographs, dorsal view: A, left mandible; B, detail of mandibular teeth; C, right mandible. D–F, Epimetopus mendeli Fikáček et al. 2011, first-instar larva, SEM micrograph, dorsal view: D, left mandible; E, detail of mandibular teeth; F, right mandible. Abbreviations: rc1, first retinaculum; rc2, second retinaculum; rc3, third retinaculum; pt, prostheca.

ShareScore

32/100

Overall dataset sharing score

Score breakdown

These five areas show where the dataset supports — or may limit — practical reuse.

Stewardship
8
Harmonization
4
Access
12
Reuse readiness
8
Engagement
0

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