Characterization and effect of biomimetic surfaces based on the topography of a self-cleaning leaf on bacterial binding

<p>Four self-cleaning leaves (Tenderheart, Cauliflower, White cabbage, and Leek) and the corresponding biomimetic surfaces were analyzed for their properties (water contact angle, surface hydrophobicity and roughness). The antifouling behavior was assessed by bacterial attachment, adhesion, and retention assays.</p>