Figures 88–89 in A new monotypic genus and species from China Langxie feti gen et sp. n. (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 88–89: Figures 88a–h: Exemplary procedures of granulometric analysis using ImageJ on a full resolution image of a single carapace. The results of automated computer analysis differ from those obtained by human recognition and delimitation of granule shapes, but are sufficient to resolve sexual dimorphism. Figure 88a. Original carapace image acquired under UV fluorescence. Figure 88b. Carapace surface manually cropped from original image, with brightness and contrast adjusted. Figure 88c. Carapacial margins manually erased to exclude marginal granulation. Figure 88d. Image filtered with a low-pixel Gaussian blur (6-pixel radius) acting as a low-pass filter to suppress digital image noise and minute surface textures (e.g., lattice microstructures) (this step is unnecessary for Fig. 91 which already has a lower resolution). Figure 88e. Image filtered again with a higher-pixel Gaussian blur (20-pixel radius), acting as a low pass filter to suppress granules. Figure 88f. Image obtained by subtracting the second filtered image (88e) from the first (88d) to emphasize the granules by removing larger scale background intensity trends; brightness and contrast adjusted. Figure 88g. Result of applying an automatic thresholding algorithm (Yen method). Figure 88h. Particles detected in the thresholded image, under the criteria: area = 7–2,000 pixel2, circularity = 0.50–1.00. Figure 89. Comparison of ROIs retrieved by automatic detection method (left) and manually generated granule profiles estimated by human visual perception and interpretation of the UV fluorescence image (right).