Figures 677–692 in A survey of proximal sensilla associated with denticle subrows on scorpion pedipalp fingers (Arachnida: Scorpiones), with observations on scorpion fluorescence

Figures 677–692. Trapping and escape of fluorescence in scorpion cuticle. Figure 677. Model of cuticle as fluorescence-trapping planar optical waveguide. Symbols: λ ex, UV excitation wavelengths; λ em, fluorescence emission wavelengths; Θ, angle of incidence with total internal reflection; Θ a, critical angle, air interface; Θ h, critical angle, hemolymph interface. Illustrated fluorophore is 4-methylumbelliferone (Frost el. al., 2001). See text for explanation of numbered steps. Figures 678–679. Grosphus hirtus ♂, metasoma III, ventral (678) and right lateral (679) views. Figure 680. Nebo omanensis ♂, right pedipalp chela, external view. Figure 681. Heteroctenus junceus ♂, sternite III stridulatory area. Figure 682. Parabuthus pallidus ♂, metasoma I dorsal stridulatory area. Figures 683–684. Apistobuthus pterygocercus ♀, metasoma III. Spiniform granules, right dorsolateral carina (683), and right ventrosubmedian carina (684), ventral views. Figure 685. Hottentotta jayakari ♂, metasoma III, anterior peduncle, dorsal view. Figure 686. Orthochirus glabrifrons ♂, tergite V, clavate granules and lattice microstructure, tangential view, posterior margin. Figure 687. Paravaejovis confusus ♂, carapace. Figure 688. Neobuthus amoudensis ♀, tergite II. Figure 689. Lychas obsti ♂, carapace. Figure 690. Teruelius olgae ♂, right pedipalp chela, manus, external view, with area of water layer contact under glass slide (bright central patch). Figures 691–692. Androctonus crassicauda ♀, right pedipalp chela, manus, external view, without (691) and with (692) areas of glass contact. Horizontal white arrows: areas of glass contact (692); vertical white arrows: ruptured cuticle (691–692). UV fluorescence (678–692). Scale bars as indicated.