FIGURES 13–22 in A novel multiple sex chromosome system in Orthoptera, found in the tree cricket Oecanthus rubromaculatus Zefa, 2022 (Grylloidea, Oecanthidae)

FIGURES 13–22. Schematic model showing the phases of karyotypic derivation since the ancestral karyotype of 2n = 21, X0♂/ XX♀ based com Oecanthus pictus, from to 2n = 12, X1X2X3Y1Y2Y3♂/X1X1X2X2X3X3♀ of the Oecanthus rubromaculatus. 13, Ancestral karyotype with 2n = 21, X0♂/XX♀; 14, Heterozygous karyotype with 2n = 18, X0♂ after Robertsonian translocation between pair 4/5, 6/7 and 8/9; 15–16, Homozygous karyotype with 2n = 15, X0♂ after reciprocal translocation between pair 4/5, 6/7 and 8/9 (chromosomes in the box are involved in tandem fusion to form the neo-XY sex-system); 17–18, Karyotype with 2n = 14, neo-XY♂ (chromosomes in the box are involved in Robertsonian translocation to form the neo-X1X2Y♂ sex-system); 19–20, Karyotype with 2n = 13, X1X2Y♂ (chromosomes in the box are involved in Robertsonian translocation to form the neo-X1X2Y1Y2♂ sex-system found in individuals from São Francisco de Paula); 21–22, Karyotype with 2n = 12, X1X2Y1Y2♂ (chromosomes in the box are involved in translocation to form the neo-X1X2X3Y1Y2Y3♂ sex-system found in individuals from Pelotas). Chromosome breakpoints for rearrangements were indicated with yellow lines; L = small centromeric chromosome lost in the process.