Figure 25. A–F, H, J–L in Taxonomy and phylogeny of the 'football stars' (Asteroidea, Sphaerasteridae)

Figure 25. A–F, H, J–L, Podosphaeraster pulvinatus Rowe & Nichols, 1980; A–C, entire individual, in actinal, lateral and abactinal views, respectively (MnhnL OPH174); D, interior of individual to show papular pores and interradial structures (MnhnL OPH175); E, madreporite; F, external view of isolated abactinal ossicle; H, abactinal ossicle in lateral view to show papular pores and articulation structures; J, broken surface of abactinal plate, to show separate layers of stereom; dense perforate stereom (top); dense labyrinthic stereom (middle); open reticular stereom (bottom); K, L, abactinal spines (E, F, H, J–L, MnhnL OPH176). G, Valettaster ocellatus (Forbes, 1848), abactinal ossicle to show similarities to P. pulvillus (NHMUK EE 17697). I, Valettaster sp., oral ossicle, radial view (SNSB-BSGP 2020 XLV3). Provenance: A–F, H, J–L are Recent, Philippines. G is from the Santonian, east Kent, UK. I is from the lower Maastrichtian of Rugen, Germany. Scale bars: A–D = 10 mm; E–H = 1 mm; I, K, L = 0.5 mm; J = 0.2 mm.