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FORSITE-Clim Europe: European-wide climate indicators for historical periods and climate projections at high resolution

<h2>Overview</h2> This meteorological data set consists of climatologies (climate indicators) on 30-year average basis for Europe and covers two historical periods as well as two periods for three selected climate scenarios with a high spatial resolution of less than 1 km. The two 30-year periods provided for the observations allow the analysis of the climate change that has already happened.  Resolution: 30x30 arcsec Projection: EPSG 4326 Extent for historical data: 10.67°W – 47.67°E, 33.68°N – 71.33°N Extent for scenario data: 10.67°W – 39.33°E, 33.68°N – 71.33°N Periods for historical data: 1961-1990 and 1991-2020 Periods for scenario data: 2036-2065 and 2071-2100 Format: GeoTIFF List of climatologies (climate indicators)   <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> # </td> <td> Short name </td> <td> Name </td> <td> Description </td> <td> Unit </td> <td> Yearly (Y) or monthly (M) </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 1 </td> <td> tasmin </td> <td> Average daily minimum temperature </td> <td> Arithmetic mean </td> <td> °C </td> <td> Y, M </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 2 </td> <td> tasmax </td> <td> Average daily maximum temperature </td> <td> Arithmetic mean </td> <td> °C </td> <td> Y, M </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 3 </td> <td> tas </td> <td> Average temperature </td> <td> Arithmetic mean </td> <td> °C </td> <td> Y, M </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 4 </td> <td> tas_warmest_month </td> <td> Average temperature mean in the warmest month </td> <td> Calculation of the mean temperature over the climate period for all months and then selection of the highest value for the warmest month </td> <td> °C </td> <td> Y </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 5 </td> <td> tas_coldest_month </td> <td> Average temperature mean in the coldest month </td> <td> Calculation of the mean temperature over the climate period for all months and then selection of the lowest value for the coldest month </td> <td> °C </td> <td> Y </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 6 </td> <td> tasmin_coldest_month </td> <td> Average temperature minimum in the coldest month </td> <td> Calculation of the mean minimum temperature over the climate period for all months and then selection of the lowest value for the coldest month </td> <td> °C </td> <td> Y </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 7 </td> <td> tasmax_warmest_month </td> <td> Average temperature maximum in the warmest month </td> <td> Calculation of the mean maximum temperature over the climate period for all months and then selection of the highest value for the warmest month </td> <td> °C </td> <td> Y </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 10 </td> <td> GSL </td> <td> Average length of the growing season </td> <td> The growing season is the duration in days of the longest continuous period of days with an average temperature of at least 5°C. However, an earlier or later period of such warm days is included in the growing season if it lasts longer than the sum of all intervening cooler days </td> <td> days </td> <td> Y </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 12 </td> <td> GDD </td> <td> Average Growing Degree Days per year above 5°C </td> <td> Σ(Tmean – 5°C) per year.  </td> <td> °C </td> <td> Y </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 13 </td> <td> FD_first </td> <td> Average date of the first frost occurrence </td> <td> Frost is defined by a temperature of 0°C at a height of 2 meters (arithmetic mean). Years without frost are excluded from the calculation of the mean. If no frost occurs at all, the value is indeterminate </td> <td> day of year </td> <td> Y </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 14 </td> <td> FD_last </td> <td> Average date of the last frost occurrence </td> <td> Frost is defined by a temperature of 0°C at a height of 2 meters (arithmetic mean). Years without frost are excluded from the calculation of the mean. If no frost occurs at all, the value is indeterminate </td> <td> day of year </td> <td> Y </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 20 </td> <td> GLO_hori </td> <td> Average sum of global radiation </td> <td>   </td> <td> kWh </td> <td> Y, M </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 33 </td> <td> pr </td> <td> Average precipitation sum </td> <td>   </td> <td> mm </td> <td> Y, M </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 39 </td> <td> ET0 </td> <td> Average annual potential evapotranspiration </td> <td> Calculation according to FAO Penman-Monteith: fao.org/3/X0490E/x0490e08.htm </td> <td> mm </td> <td> Y, M </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 40 </td> <td> WBAL </td> <td> Average climatic water balance </td> <td> Precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration </td> <td> mm </td> <td> Y, M </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>Data sources</h2> The raw historical data is a combination or extension of daily CHELSA (Climatologies at high resolution for the earth’s land surface areas) with ERA5-Land to fully cover 1961-2020.  <ul> <li>CHELSA-W5E5 v1.0 (https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2445-2023) for daily variables precipitation (pr), global radiation (rsds), mean temperature (tas), maximum temperature (tasmax) and minimum temperature (tasmin) for the period 1979-2016</li> <li>CHELSA V2.1 for climatological average monthly wind speed (sfcWind_01, ..., sfcWind_12) and for climatological mean vapor pressure deficit (vpd_01, ..., vpd_12)</li> <li>ERA5-Land for daily variables precipitation (pr), global radiation (rsds), mean temperature (tas), dew point (tds), and wind speed (sfcWind) for the period 1961-2020</li> <li>v2.0: WorldClim version 2.1 for climatological monthly minimum, maximum, and average temperatures.</li> </ul> Climate models from EURO-CORDEX (doi.org/10.1007/s10113-013-0499-2): <ul> <li>MPI-M-MPI-ESM-LR_rcp45_r1i1p1_CLMcom-CCLM4-8-17</li> <li>MPI-M-MPI-ESM-LR_rcp85_r1i1p1_CLMcom-CCLM4-8-17</li> <li>ICHEC-EC-EARTH_rcp85_r12i1p1_SMHI-RCA4</li> </ul>

ShareScore

36/100

Overall dataset sharing score

Score breakdown

These five areas show where the dataset supports — or may limit — practical reuse.

Stewardship: 4
Harmonization: 8
Access: 16
Reuse readiness: 8
Engagement: 0