Figure 10 in The evolutionary diversity of barnacles, with an updated classification of fossil and living forms

Figure 10. Phylogram of thoracican phylogeny, based on a combination of morphology (fossils and extant taxa) and guided by molecular data. The successively later first appearance of more crownward (derived) taxa supports the overall story, although there are some 'ghost' ranges within individual clades, in which fossil taxa appear anonymously late in the record. Note that based on the morphological interpretation, the Pollicipedomorpha are here placed basalmost among extant Thoracicalcarea. Compare with the tree derived from molecular analysis of extant forms (Fig. 7) and thoracican diversity through time (Fig. 9). Abbreviations: C, Cisuralian; E, Eocene; G, Guadulupian; LO, Lopingian; MISS, Mississippian; M, Miocene; NG, Neogene; O, Oligocene; P, Paleocene; PENN, Pennsylvanian; P-GENE, Paleogene. L, M, U (MISS, PENN, TRIASSIC, JURASSIC) and L, U (Cretaceous) refer to Lower, Middle and Upper.