Figure 3 from: Popov D, Roychoudhury P, Hardy H, Livermore L, Norris K (2021) The Value of Digitising Natural History Collections. Research Ideas and Outcomes 7: e78844. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.7.e78844

Figure 3 Valuing pathways to impact across five key areas: biodiversity conservation (£0.7bn–£1bn), invasive species (£0.7bn–£1.1bn), medicines discovery (£0.8bn–£2.8bn), agricultural research and development (£20m–£70m), and mineral exploitation (£20m–£80m). All estimates are in NPV terms over 30 years using a 3.5% discount factor.