Figure 5 in Evidence for vocal diversity during physical interference at the perch in sympatric Carollia species (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae): a key to social organization and species coexistence?

Figure 5. Cluster analysis of class usage per dyad during physical interference at the perch, based on Euclidean distances. Each symbol represents a specific dyad. The x-axis represents the three clusters set by k-means clustering to which a given dyad was sorted; the y-axis represents the species to which a given dyad belonged, and the z-axis represents the relative distances of each dyad from the respective cluster centre. Dyad sex composition (passive bat is given second) is indicated by different symbols, with the sex of the passive bat indicated by different colours (in red–pink dyads, the passive bat is female; in blue–turquoise dyads it is male). Note that most dyads of a given species grouped in a specific cluster, whereas no clear pattern was found for dyad sex composition or sex of the passive bat.