Fig. 1 in Effects of ski piste preparation on alpine vegetation

Fig. 1. Differences in indicator values between ski piste plots and corresponding control plots. (a) Mean differences in indicator values for the four ski piste treatments (ns, ungraded pistes with natural snow; as, ungraded pistes with artificial snow; nsg, graded pistes with natural snow; asg, graded pistes with artificial snow; F, moisture indicator value; R, reaction (soil acidity) indicator value; N, nutrient indicator value; L, light indicator value). (b – d) The relationship between the differences in (b) F (moisture), (c) R (soil acidity) and (d) N (nutrient) indicator values and the time since conversion to artificial snow.