Figure 4 in Effect of water stress on weed germination, growth characteristics, and seed production: a global meta-analysis

Figure 4. The log response ratio for germination and seedling radicle length of broadleaf (green dots/line) and grass (red dots/line) weed species as a function of water-stress intensity. Water stress increased as solution osmotic potential (ψsolution) decreased and vice versa.The subgroups for germination are 0 to −0.2, −0.2 to −0.4, −0.4 to −0.6, −0.6 to −0.8, −0.8 to −1.0, −1.0 to −1.4, and <−1.4 MPa, while the subgroups for radicle length are 0 to −0.2, −0.2 to −0.4, −0.4 to −0.6, −0.6 to −1.0, and <−1.0 MPa. Only ψsolution-based studies were used in this analysis. For each subgroup, the solid dots and lines represent mean effect sizes and their corresponding 99% confidence intervals (CIs).The mean effect sizes were considered significantly different when their 99% CIs did not include zero. Similarly, the water-stress effects were significantly different for each subgroup and among weed types only when their 99% CIs did not overlap with one another. The fitted lines represent a four-parameter logistic regression model, and the coefficients of the models are presented in Table 2.