Fig. 1 in Hydrographic conditions driving sardine and anchovy populations in a land-locked sea Abstract

Fig. 1: The geography of the Adriatic-Ionian basin, with major dynamical features and oceanographic processes illustrated. WAC stands for the surface Western Adriatic Current driven by freshwater inputs, ADW denotes the bottom density current which originates from wintertime dense water generation at the shallow northern (D1) and deep southern (D2) Adriatic regions, while EAC stands for the Eastern Adriatic Current flowing at surface and intermediate layers. Ionian Sea circulation includes cyclonic (C) or anticyclonic (A) circular current regime in its northern parts, resulting in warm and saline Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) and colder and less saline upper-layer Western Mediterranean Waters (WMW) flowing at different pathways depending on the BIOS (Bimodal Adriatic-Ionian Oscillation) phase (full line denotes pathways during cyclonic BIOS phase and dashed line during anticyclonic BIOS phase). Finally, EMT denotes the deep massive outflow of dense waters from the Aegean Sea to the Eastern Mediterranean during the Eastern Mediterranean Transient in early 1990s. Sardine and anchovy data were collected northwest from the GSA 17 line (pink, dashed). Station at which environmental data were collected is marked with S.