Fig. 1. The acanthothoracid placoderm Palaeacanthaspis vasta Brotzen, 1934. A in New cranial material of the acanthothoracid placoderm Palaeacanthaspis vasta from the Lower Devonian of Podolia-phylogenetic and taxonomic significance

Fig. 1. The acanthothoracid placoderm Palaeacanthaspis vasta Brotzen, 1934. A. Reconstruction of the skull roof of P. vasta based on specimen ZPALAg. V/1 from the middle Lochkovian of Vynohradne, Podolia, Ukraine. B. Reinterpretation of NRM.P.5003 from the middle Lochkovian of Dobrivlyany, Podolia, Ukraine (based on the photograph of the specimen in Stensiö 1944: pl. 1). C. Original interpretation based NRM.P.5003 (redrawn from Stensiö 1944: fig. 1, Stensiö's labels in italics). B, C, not to scale. Abbreviations: d.end.e, external opening for the endolymphatic duct; eth.sh, ethmoidal dermal capsule; ioc, infraorbital sensory line groove; lc, cephalic part of the main lateral sensory line groove; M, marginal plate; m.cr, median crest of the nuchal plate; N, nuchal plate; occ, occipital cross commissure; orb, orbit; pmc, postmarginal sensory line groove; PaN.a, anterior paranuchal plate; PaN.m, median paranuchal plate; PaN.p, posterior paranuchal plate; ppl, posterior pitline; PRM, premedian plate; PrO, preorbital plate; PtO, postorbital plate; RoNa, rostronasal capsule; soc, supraorbital sensory line groove; vdl, "probable position of a ventrally descending lamina of dermal bone which formed the posterior boundary of the ethmoidal caspule".