Figure 3 in Does narrow row spacing suppress weeds and increase yields in corn and soybean? A meta-analysis

Figure 3. The overall effect of narrow row spacing (<76 cm) on weed density, weed biomass,weed control,weed seed production,and crop yield.The vertical black dashed line indicates zero effect. The black dots represent mean effect sizes (log of response ratios [lnðRRÞ]), and the black lines represent their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The numbers in parentheses indicate the number of observations followed by the number of studies for each effect size. The effect sizes were considered significantly different when their 95% CIs did not overlap or contain zero.