Fig. 1 in Male Signalling And Dominance In The Penduline Tit Remiz Pendulinus

Fig. 1. Schematic view of the apparatus used in dominance tests for male penduline tits. A female penduline tit was placed in the stimulus cage which was separated from the males by wire-mesh (dashed lines). In each trial two males were released in the arena. The arena was divided into six equal squares (three on the left side L1-L3 and three on the right side R1-R3) by pot reeds (rectangles). Trials were observed through a one-way window (W). Five distance categories were used to score the males' distances from stimulus female: M = mesh (0 cm), P = perch (12 cm), L1/R1 (45 cm), L2/R2 (135 cm), L3/R3 (225 cm). Dotted lines indicate wood sticks on the floor that assisted the allocation of distance categories. Food and water was provided during experimental trials in pots placed in the