FIG. 8 in Pennaraptoran Theropod Dinosaurs Past Progress And New Frontiers

FIG. 8. Europe as a dispersal center and geographical gateway, especially during the Early Cretaceous. The green arrowed lines denote possible dispersal directions and approximate dispersal routes; Solid lines denote paleogeography at 135 Ma. Paleomap after (Matthews et al., 2016). Abbreviations: A, Asia; E, Europe; F, Africa; I, India; M, Madagascar; N, North America; PO, Pacific Ocean; S, South America; T, Antarctica; TO, Tethys Ocean; U, Australia.