Fig. 4. a–b in First record of viviparity in polystomatid flatworms (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) with the description of two new species of Madapolystoma from the Madagascan anuran hosts Blommersia domerguei and Mantella expectata

Fig. 4. a–b) Ventral view of M. isaloensis n. sp. holotype. (c) Hamuli from mature specimens and (d) Marginal hooklets 1–8. Scale bars: B, 200 μm; C, 100 μm; D, 20 μm. Abbreviations: de, developing embryo; ee, early embryo; ev, excretory vessel; gb, genital bulb; gc, genito-intestinal canal; ha, hamuli. hp, haptor; ic, intestinal caecum; mh, marginal hooklet; mo, mouth; ph, pharynx; su, sucker; sv, seminal vesicle; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens; vi, vitelline follicles; vv, vitelline duct.