FIGURE 3. Heliconius elevatus pseudocupidineus Neustetter, 1931 in Alternative facts: a reconsideration of putatively natural interspecific hybrid specimens in the genus Heliconius (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

FIGURE 3. Heliconius elevatus pseudocupidineus Neustetter, 1931 (dorsal; ventral). Peru: Loreto, Balsapuerto, 220m. Feb. 1919, leg. G. G. Klug. (Image source http://www.tolweb.org/, images # 17245 and #17249). H. elevatus is a member of the silvaniform clade (as recognized by Eltringham, 1916), and is sister taxon to H. pardalinus Bates, 1862. Note that H. elevatus bears a yellow subcostal stripe on the HWV, while in rayed H. melpomene forms, the corresponding stripe is orange or red. Also note the tendency for the widened proximal end of the red HW rays to exhibit a v-shape, while in H. melpomene, they are flat "nail heads."