Figure 3 from: Zhang M, Ruan Y, Wan X, Tong Y, Yang X, Bai M (2019) Geometric morphometric analysis of the pronotum and elytron in stag beetles: insight into its diversity and evolution. ZooKeys 833: 21-40. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.833.26164

Figure 3 Differences in elytron shape between outgroups and Lucanidae, on the basis of principal component analysis at the species level. The four circles are 90%-equal frequency ellipses of Lucanidae subfamilies.