Human pancreatic afferent and efferent nerves: mapping and 3-D illustration of exocrine, endocrine, and adipose innervation

<p><em><strong>Supplemental Fig. S1 </strong>(related to Fig. 2)</em>.&nbsp; Mapping and detection of sensory neurons in human pancreatic duct lesion formation.</p> <p><strong><em>Supplemental Table S1.</em></strong>&nbsp; Summary of color codes presented in illustrations.</p> <p><em><strong>Supplemental Table S2.&nbsp; </strong></em>Summary of primary and secondary antibodies used in illustrations.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Supplemental Video Legends</strong></p> <p><em><strong>Supplemental Video S1</strong> (related to Fig. 2) </em></p> <p><strong>Human pancreatic substance P⁺ sensory (afferent) nerves. </strong></p> <p><strong><em>Left</em> (still image): projection of pancreatic innervation at the acinar-islet boundary. </strong>Blue: glucagon (islet). Green: neuroendocrine marker PGP9.5 (nerve and islet). Red: substance P (SP, sensory nerve). Sensory nerves appear as yellow fibers (overlap of red SP and green PGP9.5 signals). Broken arrow: enlarged area (right panel).</p> <p><strong><em>Right</em>: in-depth recording of peri-ductal sensory nerves. </strong>Sensory nerves (yellow) are around the islet but not penetrating into the core. White: nuclei. Note that a portion of islet cells are SP dim.&nbsp;The still image and recording were derived from a normal human pancreas (female/age, 51 years/BMI, 20).</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><strong>Supplemental Video S2</strong> (related to Fig. 2 and Supplemental Fig. S1)</em><em> </em></p> <p><strong>Mapping and detection of immunoreactive substance P⁺ neuron in duct lesion formation. &nbsp;</strong></p> <p><strong><em>Left</em> (still image): tissue map of human pancreas distal to ductal adenocarcinoma. </strong>Acinar atrophy is apparent in this condition. Markers: nuclei, white; PGP9.5, green; substance P (SP), red. Broken arrow: intra-pancreatic ganglion (right panel).</p> <p><strong><em>Right</em>: in-depth recording of immunoreactive SP⁺ neuron in ganglion. </strong>The nucleus (00:04) and the SP⁺ varicosities are prominently seen. The latter contacts the surrounding SP^- neurons.&nbsp;The still image and recording were derived from an area 5-cm distal to the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (male/age, 77 years/staging, T1N0).</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><strong>Supplemental Video S3</strong> (related to Fig. 3) </em></p> <p><strong>Mouse pancreatic substance P⁺ sensory (afferent) nerves. </strong></p> <p><strong><em>Left</em> (still image): projection of pancreatic sensory innervation. </strong>In mice, the SP⁺ sensory nerves follow the arteriole to the islet mantle and penetrating into the core (enlarged in right panel). Markers: blood vessels, blue; PGP9.5, green; substance P (SP), red.</p> <p><strong><em>Right</em>: in-depth recording of sensory innervation of islet. </strong>Unlike the human pancreatic sensory innervation, the mouse SP⁺ sensory nerves (varicosities) are inside the islet and associate with the peri-islet ganglion. White: nuclear staining and tissue autofluorescence.&nbsp;The still image and recording were derived from a B6 mouse pancreas (male/age, 12 weeks).</p>