Fig. 4 in 2.4.6-Trichloroanisole is a potent suppressor of olfactory signal transduction

Fig. 4. Least effective concentration of TCA. (A) An example showing the effect of 10 aM TCA in puffer pipette (tip opening diameter, 3.2 μm). TCA was applied for 6 s (beginning 3 s before UV light stimulation). Duration of light stimulation was 0.5 s. Traces: black, control; red, TCA; blue, recovery. (B) Schematic diagram of U-tube system. The diameter of the tip was ∼200 μm. (c) Effect of 1 aM TCA applied with a U-tube system. TCA application was conducted for ∼30 s, and duration of light stimu- lation was 0.5 s. (D) Schematic diagram of TCA ap- plication after evaporation. In this system, filter paper (1 cm × 1 cm, blue square) soaked in a solu- tion containing 30 pM TCA was placed in a syringe, and TCA was allowed to evaporate for 15 min. The vapor was then applied at a rate of 50 mL over 5 s to a second piece of filter paper soaked in 40 μL of normal Ringer solution. (E) Effect of evaporated TCA (30 pM solution). (F) Dose-suppression relation. Plots: filled circles, TCA by U-tube application; open circles, TCA by pipette application (5 s, diameter of stimulus pipettes was 1 μm); gray circles, evapo- rated TCA by pipette application (5 s, diameter of stimulus pipettes was 1 μm); filled squares, geraniol by U-tube application. Note that geraniol application does not cause any response reduction at <10−10 M, excluding a possibility of dilution error in our protocols. Each plot shows the average value and SD.