FIG. 3 in Evolutionary Relationships of the Deep-Sea Pearleyes (Aulopiformes: Scopelarchidae) and a New Genus of Pearleye from Antarctic Waters

FIG. 3. Evolutionary relationships of the pearleyes (Scopelarchidae) based on total evidence (eight gene fragments and 16 anatomical and early-life-history characters) from maximum likelihood topology estimation. Asterisks indicate taxa that do not have DNA data. Bold numbers by nodes indicate bootstrap values. Numbers near circles on branches indicate unambiguous synapomorphies, with the first number corresponding to one of the 16 anatomical and early-life-history characters (see text for details), with the second number indicating character state. White circles represent unreversed characters, while black circles represent homoplastic characters. Colors on branches and distribution map correspond to the regions of the oceans where each species has been predominantly collected (note that many species have more restricted ranges within these zones). Circles at nodes indicate results from parsimony ancestral character reconstruction of regions (green: boreal and subarctic waters of North Pacific, orange: centraltropical waters, blue: Antarctic waters).