Fig. 6. Cotesia marginiventris wasps have a in Approaches for assessing the impact of Zea mays (Poaceae) on the behavior of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its parasitoid Cotesia marginiventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Fig. 6. Cotesia marginiventris wasps have a marginal preference to oviposit on Spodoptera frugiperda on W22 compared to B104 Zea mays inbred plants. To test the effect of different Z. mays varieties on oviposition preference of C. marginiventris, a pair-wise oviposition assay was performed using 13 independent experiments (Experiments 1–13). In each experiment, the number of S. frugiperda larvae recovered from B104 or W22 genotypes that were parasitized by C. marginiventris (P), not-parasitized (NP), or had died shortly afer collection (D), and the percentage of larvae parasitized was calculated by (P/[P + NP]) × 100 for each plant variety (Table). Experiments that had less than 5 parasitized larvae or more than 15 dead (bold) were discarded. The graph shows mean (± SE) percentage parasitism for each treatment. The treatments were not significantly different using a pair-wise t-test with P ≤ 0.05 and n = 8.