Figure 2. Cyclostome protoecia showing Pattern 1 in Ancestrular morphology in cyclostome bryozoans and the quest for phylogenetically informative skeletal characters

Figure 2. Cyclostome protoecia showing Pattern 1 in which there are no pseudopores on the protoecium (the irregularly distributed holes in (d) are microborings). (a) Filicrisia geniculata, Wembury, Devon, UK; the erect ancestrular tube and two lateral buds have articulated joints with the protoecium and sparse, elongate pseudopores. (b) Lichenoporid?, Akkeshi Bay, Hokkaido, Japan. (c) Tubulipora occidentalis, Pacific Grove, California, USA; note radial ridges on protoecium. (d) Platonea sp. 1, Otago Shelf, NZ; the irregularly distributed holes in the protoecium are interpreted as microborings. (e) Stomatopora sp. 1, Jurassic, Bathonian, Somerset, UK; the coarse, pseudoporous wall of the distal ancestrular tube contrasts with the smooth, non-pseudoporous protoecium. (f) Oncousoecia sp., Jurassic, Upper Callovian, Oxfordshire, UK; note plugged pseudopores on the distal ancestrular tube. Scale bars: 100 µm.