Figure 5. A in Phylogeny, evolution, and historical biogeography of the grassland leafhopper tribe Chiasmini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)

Figure 5. A summary of the relationships among genera of Chiasmini and head shape morphological diversity. The tree was drawn manually, and incorporates information from several different analyses; relative branch lengths reflect those recovered in molecular analyses. The relationships of Omaranus, Picchusteles, and Paraphrodes with the rest of Chiasmini have yet to be satisfactorily assessed because of the limited available data for these groups. Dorsal, frontal, and lateral views of the head of 13 Chiasmini are provided: A, Omaranus typicus Distant, 1918; B, Picchusteles inca Linnavuori & DeLong, 1976; C, Paraphrodes flavigerus (Evans, 1955); D, Exitianus obscurinervis (Stål, 1859); E, Protochiasmus mysticus Zahniser, 2010; F, Doraturopsis heros (Melichar, 1902); G, Zahniserius cylindricus Duan & Zhang, 2012; H, Chiasmus varicolor (Kirkaldy, 1906); I, Listrophora styx Linnavuori, 1979; J, Gurawa minorcephala Singh-Pruthi, 1930; K, Athysanella (Brachydella) abdominalis Ball & Beamer, 1940; L, Athysanella (Diphipyga) mexicana Johnson, 1979; M, Athysanella (Athysanella) parca Ball & Beamer, 1940.