Fig. 1 in Female-Biased Dispersal Activity of the River-Shore Stag Beetle,Nicagus japonicusNagel (Coleoptera: Lucanidae), in a Disrupted Habitat

Fig. 1. The ecology and habitat of Nicagus japonicus. a) Female, b) Several N. japonicus on the ground; male and female beetles are indicated by blue and red arrows, respectively, c) Riverside habitat in the Kinugawa River tributary near Dorobu, Japan; in 2012, many N. japonicus were observed on the sandy area of the riverside, d) Habitat completely disrupted in 2013 and only a few N. japonicus were observed in this area, e) Larvae feeding inside driftwood in the laboratory; arrows indicate larval feces packed in the tunnels, f) Larva (arrow) tunneling in the sand and pupating in contact with the bottom of a plastic cage.