Figure 3 in Morphological and molecular characterization of the problematic whip black coral genus Stichopathes (Hexacorallia: Antipatharia) from Indonesia (North Sulawesi, Celebes Sea)

Figure 3. Morphological characteristics of the four Indonesian clades. A–D, clade A. A, spiral or contorted, thin stem. B, C, triangular, laterally compressed, papillose spines. D, light-brown polyps. E, H, clade B. E, contorted, thick stem, with flat and meandritic convolutions. F, G, triangular–conical spines, with few, small apical tubercles, and, at times, basal papillae. H, brown polyps, sagittally compressed. I, L, clade C. I, spiral, thick stem. J, K, triangular–conical spines, with numerous, small apical tubercles and sparse secondary spines. L, dense brown or white polyps, sagittally compressed. M, P, clade D. M, straight, thick stem, several metres long, and often with one or a few lateral branches. N, O, triangular–conical spines, with numerous, small apical tubercles and sparse secondary spines. P, dense brown or white polyps, sagittally compressed. Scale bars: M, 20 cm; A, E, I, 10 cm; D, 5 cm; H, L, P, 0.5 cm; B, F, J, N, 400 Mm; C, G, K, O, 200 Mm.