FIG. 42 in Cranial Morphology And Phylogenetic Relationships Of Trigonostylops Wortmani, An Eocene South American Native Ungulate

FIG. 42. Visual guide for scoring certain matrix characters. "Slashed zero" symbol indicates "absent" character state. C113, Hypoglossal foramen (-ina): 0, located nearer to occipital condyle than to jugular area (e.g., Scalibrinitherium bravardi MACN Pv 13082); 1, hypoglossal foramen closer to jugular area than to condyle (e.g., Astraponotus sp. MPEF PV 1084); 2, hypoglossal foramen opens directly into jugular area (Trigonostylops wortmani AMNH VP-28700). C157 (new), Facial process of premaxilla: 0, present (e.g., Mesotherium angustirostrum MACN Pv 6040); 1, absent (e.g., Astrapotherium magnum AMNH VP-9278; Trigonostylops wortmani MLP 52-X-5-98) . C158 (new), Diverging canines (upper and lowers): 0, canines diverging at an angle less than 70° in front view (e.g., Eoastrapostylops riolorense PVL 4216; Phenacodus primaevus MACN Pv 18808, cast of YPM PU 14864); 1, divergence equal to or larger than 70° (e.g., Astrapotherium FMNH 13172; Trigonostylops MPEF PV 5483 [right canine reconstructed]). In the case of C159 (new), consult micrographs in original publication (Lindenau, 2005) for proper scoring.