Openness process in Valladolid city

<p>Nature-Based Solutions require planning approaches and governance architectures that support accessibility to green spaces, while maintaining their quality for the provision of ecosystem services. Urban environmental problems are often difficult to handle and successful solutions require combined efforts of different scientific disciplines but also an active dialogue between stakeholders from policy and society (Lemos and Morehouse, 2005).</p> <p>In this context, transdisciplinary approaches for knowledge co-production provide insights about the ways and the rationale for engaging with multiple knowledge holders: experts and scientists as well as citizens and practitioners (Bergmann et al., 2012, Jahn et al., 2012). The scientific frameworks of urban ecosystem services were brought into the interface between policy and science to inform urban planning and governance (Frantzeskaki and Tilie, 2014).</p> <p>The quality of the URBAN GreenUP project implementation depends on social learning and adequate technical solutions. This is possible through the support and cooperation between the involved parties and the resulting input of knowledge (Luyet, 2012).</p> <p>Participation is often reduced to the dissemination of information and the holding of workshops. These approaches generally do not take into account either the heterogeneity of stakeholders, or the complexity of the decision making process (Luyet, 2012).</p> <p>The KPI &ldquo;Openness of participatory processes&rdquo; is based on the participation actions delivered in the city of Valladolid. There are defined two steps, data collection and data evaluation.</p>