FIGURE 5. A in The Lower Pliocene marine gastropods of Santa Maria Island, Azores: Taxonomy and palaeobiogeographic implications

FIGURE 5. A: Climatic zones and NE Atlantic Biogeographic Molluscan Provinces for the Pliocene (top left) and for the present times (top right) (adapted from Ávila et al. 2016b). Az: Azores Archipelago; Mad: Madeira Archipelago; Can: Canaries Archipelago; C Verde: Cabo Verde Archipelago. Note the location of the transition zones. B: Biogeographical classification of the Macaronesian archipelagos and NE Atlantic façade for the present times, according to Freitas et al. (2019). The Azores ecoregion, the Webbnesia ecoregion (which integrates the archipelagos of Madeira, Selvagens and Canary Islands), the South European Atlantic Shelf ecoregion and the Saharan Upwelling ecoregion, all belong to the Lusitanian Province. The West African Transition Province includes the Cabo Verde subprovince and the Sahelian Upwelling ecoregion. AST—Asturias (north Spain); AZO—Azores Archipelago; BIS—Bay of Biscay sensu lato, from English Channel to Punta Estaca de Bares, Galicia, Spain; CAB—Cabo Verde Archipelago; CAD—Gulf of Cádiz; BRI—British Isles; CAN—Canaries Archipelago; IBE— Iberian shores (from southern Bay of Biscay to Portugal and Gulf of Cádiz); MAD—Madeira Archipelago; MED—western Mediterranean Sea; NWA—northwest African shores (Atlantic Morocco, from Straits of Gibraltar south, Western Sahara to Cape Blanc, Mauritania); POR—Portugal [western Atlantic Iberian façade (from Cabo Vilán, western Galician shores, down to Cape S"o Vicente) and southern shores of Algarve]; SEL—Selvagens Islands; SEN—Senegal; STP—S"o Tomé and Príncipe Archipelago; TWAF—Tropical West Africa [from Cape Blanc (Mauritania) south to Cape Frio (Angola)].