Data for: Sampling local ant diversities and the importance of trait analyses

<p>Ants are an incredibly diverse and ubiquitous group of invertebrates in most terrestrial ecosystems. Although extensively sampled, the majority of ant inventories do not evaluate the effect of different sampling techniques in capturing non-traditional metrics of diversity. We aimed to quantify TD (taxonomic) and FD (functional) diversities for a local ant assemblage by integrating metrics and evaluating complementarity of pitfall traps and Winkler extractors for the leaf-litter vs. epigaeic ant faunas and to determine the effect of sampling techniques on functional composition (community-weighted means of 11 morphological traits, see <strong>Table S1</strong> in the Excel file and <strong>Trait_base_data.csv</strong> in this dataset) and functional diversity (multi-trait morphospace measured with three different metrics, see <strong>Table S2</strong> in Excel file). We sampled the local community (<strong>Table S3</strong> and <strong>Table S4 </strong>in the Excel file) in an Atlantic Forest fragment using week-long pitfall traps and 1m² leaf litter samples submitted to Winkler extractors and quantified the contribution on the technique (refer to <strong>Community_data.csv</strong> in this dataset) to uniquely capture the ant morphospace by applying a new index (PWindex). Although ant TD overlapped, FD was significantly affected by the sampling technique. By controlling for TD effects, the community collected by each technique was differentially structured. Higher TD did not translate into wider morphospace for Winklers. Pitfalls recovered more functionally overdispersed assemblages. Pitfalls and Winklers overlapped in the sampling of the overall community, but each sampling method contributed with a unique spectrum to the ant morphospace. Our results suggest the importance of incorporating FD metrics in local ant inventories and the importance of sampling techniques when measuring the magnitude of FD and community structure. Our PWindex further illuminates sampling effects for ant assemblages.</p>