Fig. 2 in Fluoroacetate distribution, response to fluoridation, and synthesis in juvenile Gastrolobium bilobum plants

Fig. 2. Plausible biosynthetic routes to fluoroacetate in plants. (A) The known Actinomycete pathway from S-adenosylmethionine. (B) A hypothetical pathway via a C3-pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) complex proposed by Mead and Segal (1972). R is the hydroxyl or thiol group of serine or cysteine, respectively. (C) A new hypothetical pathway via fluorination of the enolonium form of acetyl-CoA. X is a heteroatom (O or S) or a metal that can accept two electrons.