Fig. 2 in An overview on the role of plant-derived tannins for the treatment of lung cancer

Fig. 2. Schematic representation of the mechanism of action of tannins as apoptosis inducers, by targeting multiple cellular signal transduction pathways involved in cancer. Abbreviations: AA - arachidonic acid; Akt - protein kinase B; Axl - AXL receptor tyrosine kinase; BAX - BCL2 Associated X; BCL2 - B-cell lymphoma 2; BCL-XL - B-cell lymphoma-extra large; cAMP - adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate; CASU - casuarinin; COX2 – cyclooxygenase 2; Cyt C - cytochrome c; EGCG - epigallocatechin-3-gallate; EGFR - epidermal growth factor receptor; EP receptor - E prostanoid receptor; FADD - Fas-associated protein with death domain; Fas - apoptosis antigen 1; FasL - Fas ligand; FPTF - fructus phyllanthi tannin fraction; GA – gallic acid; GERA - geraniin; GRA - granatin A; GRB - granatin B; GSP - grape seed proanthocyanidins; GSPC - grape seed procyanidins; 15-HETE - 15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; IP receptor - prostacyclin receptor; 15-LOX-2 - 15-lipoxygenase-2; MAPK - mitogen-activated protein kinase; MMP - mitochondrial membrane potential; OEB - oenothein B; PAC – proanthocyandin-rich cranberry fraction; PARP - poly-ADP ribose polymerase; PBOG - prodelphinidin B-2 3′-O-gallate; PGE - prostaglandin E2; PGI - prostaglandin I2; PKA - protein kinase A; PI3K - 2 2 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PLA2 - phospholipase A2; PTGIS - prostacyclin synthase; ROS - reactive oxygen species; TA – tannic acid; TAM receptors - receptor tyrosine kinases; Tyro3 - TYRO3 protein tyrosine kinase. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)