FIG. 8 in Bryophyte colonization on the monuments of Champaner Pavagadh - UNESCO World Heritage Site and its association with geological substrates

FIG. 8. — Pictorial representation of the steps involved in colonization and deterioration of the substrate by bryophytes: A, wall structure with rough surface; B, settled dust and humus to capture spores; C, covered by protonema; D, growth of mature gametophyte; E, penetration of rhizoids; F, enlargement of cracks deteriorating the wall structure.