Data from: Phormia regina allele report

<p>Genetic structure of blow fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) populations has remained elusive regardless of high relatedness within wild-caught samples. The aims of this research were to determine if the implementation of a high-resolution spatiotemporal sampling design would reveal latent genetic structure among blow fly populations and to elucidate environmental impacts on structure. Adult female black blow flies, <em>Phormia regina </em>(Meigen), were collected from nine urban parks in Indiana, USA over three years. Fly gut DNA was genotyped at six microsatellite loci, with subsequent amplification and sequencing of vertebrate mitochondrial DNA from the same source. Flies were also screened for vertebrate fecal metabolites. Latent clustering revealed four genetic groups which were interpreted as 11 distinct temporal populations. An analysis of molecular variance of temporal populations revealed stronger genetic differentiation (F_ST = 0.048, F'_ST = 0.664) relative to geographic populations (F_ST = 0.009, F'_ST = 0.241). Mean kinship within temporal populations was higher than expected in a panmictic population (<em>R </em>= 0.032 ± 0.088). Weather conditions (i.e., wind speed, precipitation, humidity, temperature) and vertebrate resource availability in the local environment significantly impacted the observed genetics of <em>P. regina. </em>Twenty-five vertebrate species were detected from flies, and 16% of flies collected in 2016 – 2017 tested positive for vertebrate feces, suggesting many varied resources are important for maintaining high gene flow among geographic populations. A complex interplay between biotic and abiotic factors, as well as the flies' own extensive dispersal abilities, seems to drive the strong temporal structure of this species in the Midwestern US.</p>