Data for: Genomic signals of local adaptation across climatically heterogenous habitats in an invasive tropical fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni)

<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Local</span> <span>adaptation</span> plays a key role in the successful establishment of pest populations in new environments by enabling them to tolerate novel biotic and abiotic conditions experienced outside their native range. However, the <span>genomic underpinnings of such adaptive responses</span> remain unclear, especially for agriculturally important pests. We investigate<span>d</span> <span>population </span>genomic signatures in the tropical/subtropical Queensland fruit fly, <em>Bactrocera tryoni</em>, which has <span>an </span>expanded range <span>encompassing</span> temperate and arid zones in Australia, <span>and</span> tropical <span>zones in the Pacific Islands</span>. Using reduced representation sequencing data from 28 populations, we detected allele frequency shifts associated with the <span>native/invasive </span>status of populations and <span>identified</span> environmental factors that <span>have likely </span>drive<span>n</span> population differentiation. We also determined that precipitation, temperature<span>,</span> and geographic variables explain allelic shifts across the distribution range of <em>B. tryoni</em>. <span>We found</span> spatial heterogeneity in signatures of local adaptation across various climatic conditions in invaded areas. Specifically, disjunct invasive populations in the tropical <span>Pacific Islands</span> and arid zones of Australia <span>were characterised by</span> multiple significantly differentiated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), some of which were associated with genes with well-understood function in environmental stress (e.g., heat and desiccation) response. However, invasive populations in southeast Australian temperate zones show<span>ed</span> higher gene flow with the native range <span>and </span>lacked a strong local <span>adaptive signal</span>. These results suggest that population connectivity with the native range has <span>differentially </span>affect<span>ed</span> <span>local adaptive patterns in different</span> invasive populations. Overall, our findings provide insights into the evolutionary underpinnings of invasion success of an important horticultural pest in climatically distinct environments.</p>