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373 results for “Crocodyliformes”
Fig. 9. A in Redescription of the Cranial Morphology of Mariliasuchus amarali, and Its Phylogenetic Affinities (Crocodyliformes, Notosuchia)
Fig. 9. A. Dorsal view of
Figure 4 in Cranial osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Hamadasuchus rebouli (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Cretaceous of Morocco
Figure 4. Details of the cranium of Hamadasuchus rebouli (ROM 52620). Scale bar = 10 cm.
Figure 9 in Cranial osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Hamadasuchus rebouli (Crocodyliformes: Mesoeucrocodylia) from the Cretaceous of Morocco
Figure 9. Taxonomic arrangement of Mesosuchia based on Fig. 8C.
A new notosuchian crocodyliform from the Paleocene of Patagonia and the survival of a large-bodied terrestrial lineage across the K–Pg mass extinction
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The choanal anatomy of the Sebecus icaeorhinus Simpson, 1937 and the variation of the palatine shape in notosuchians (Crocodyliformes, Mesoeucrocodylia)
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Data from: Environmental drivers of crocodyliform extinction across the Jurassic/Cretaceous transition
Crocodyliforms have a much richer evolutionary history than represented by their extant descendants, including several independent marine and terrestrial radiations during the Mesozoic. However, heterogeneous sampling of their fossil record has obscured their macroevolutionary dynamics, and obfuscated attempts to reconcile external drivers of these patterns. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of crocodyliform biodiversity through the Jurassic/Cretaceous (J/K) transition using subsampling and phylogenetic approaches and apply maximum-likelihood methods to fit models of extrinsic variables to assess what mediated these patterns. A combination of fluctuations in sea-level and episodic perturbations to the carbon and sulfur cycles was primarily responsible for both a marine and non-marine crocodyliform biodiversity decline through the J/K boundary, primarily documented in Europe. This was tracked by high extinction rates at the boundary and suppressed origination rates throughout the Early Cretaceous. The diversification of Eusuchia and Notosuchia likely emanated from the easing of ecological pressure resulting from the biodiversity decline, which also culminated in the extinction of the marine thalattosuchians in the late Early Cretaceous. Through application of rigorous techniques for estimating biodiversity, our results demonstrate that it is possible to tease apart the complex array of controls on diversification patterns in major archosaur clades.
FIGURE 1 in Campinasuchus dinizi gen. et sp. nov., a new Late Cretaceous baurusuchid (Crocodyliformes) from the Bauru Basin, Brazil
FIGURE 1. Bauru Basin geological map and the locality of Campinasuchus dinizi gen. nov. et sp. nov. (modified from Paula e Silva, 2003 and CPRM, 2010).
FIGURE 2 in Campinasuchus dinizi gen. et sp. nov., a new Late Cretaceous baurusuchid (Crocodyliformes) from the Bauru Basin, Brazil
FIGURE 2. Stratigraphic profile of the Adamantina Formation (Bauru Basin) at Três Antas Farm, Campina Verde County, Brazil, in the locality which yielded the new Late Cretaceous baurusuchid species Campinasuchus dinizi.
FIGURE 6 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 6. Schematic diagram of the holotype of Caipirasuchus montealtensis (Andrade & Bertini, 2008) comb. nov (MPMA 15-0001/90). Cranium and mandible in dorsal (A and C) and ventral (B and D) views. Legend: a, alveolus; ang, angular; ap, anterior palpebral; d, dentary; ect, ectopterygoid; en, external nostril; f, frontal; inf, incisive foramen; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; orb, orbit; p, parietal; pal, palatine; pf, prefrontal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, posterior palpebral; pt, pterygoid; ptc, pterygoid chamber; q, quadrate; sa, surangular; sof, suborbital fenestra; sp, splenial; sq, squamosal; stf, supratemporal fenestra.
FIGURE 12 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 12. The strict consensus of the 17 most parsimonious trees obtained (CI = 0.34; RI = 0.66; tree length = 833 steps). The analysis shows Sphagesauridae as a monophyletic group within Notosuchia, with Caipirasuchus paulistanus and Caipirasuchus montealtensis (Andrade & Bertini, 2008) comb. nov. as sister species (modified from Novas et al. 2009).
FIGURE 9 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 9. Schematic diagram of the referred specimen of Caipirasuchus montealtensis (Andrade & Bertini, 2008) comb. nov (MPMA 68-0003/12). Cranium and mandible in dorsal (A and C) and ventral (B and D) views. Legend: a, alveolus; af, antorbital fenestra; ang, angular; art, articular; bo, basioccipital; d, dentary; ect, ectopterygoid; en, external nostril; f, frontal; inf, incisive foramen; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; ltf, laterotemporal fenestra; m, maxilla; n, nasal; oc, occipital condyle; orb, orbit; p, parietal; pal, palatine; pm, premaxilla; pf, prefrontal; po, postorbital; pt, pterygoid; ptc, pterygoid chamber; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; so, supraoccipital; sof, suborbital fenestra; sp, splenial; sq, squamosal; stf, supratemporal fenestra.
FIGURE 3 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 3. Schematic diagram of the holotype of Caipirasuchus paulistanus (MPMA 67-0001/00). Cranium and mandible in dorsal (A and C) and ventral (B and D) views. Legend: a, alveolus; ang, angular; ap, anterior palpebral; art, articular; d, dentary; ect, ectopterygoid; en, external nostril; f, frontal; inf, incisive foramen; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; ltf, laterotemporal fenestra; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pal, palatine; pf, prefrontal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, posterior palpebral; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; so, supraoccipital; sof, suborbital fenestra; sp, splenial; spof, supraorbital fenestra; sq, squamosal; stf, supratemporal fenestra.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 2. Holotype of Caipirasuchus paulistanus (MPMA 67-0001/00) Cranium and mandible in dorsal (A and C) and ventral (B and D) views.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 1. Lithostratigraphic map of the eastern part of the Bauru Basin (modified from Fernandes & Coimbra 2000).
FIGURE 8 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 8. The referred specimen of Caipirasuchus montealtensis (Andrade & Bertini, 2008) comb. nov. (MPMA 68-0003/ 12). Cranium and mandible in dorsal (A and C) and ventral (B and D) views.
FIGURE 5 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 5. Holotype of Caipirasuchus montealtensis (Andrade & Bertini, 2008) comb. nov. (MPMA 15-0001/90). Cranium and mandible in dorsal (A and C) and ventral (B and D) views.
FIGURE 11 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 11. Cranial dimensions in millimeters of Caipirasuchus paulistanus (MPMA 67-0001/00) in (1) and of Caipirasuchus montealtensis comb. nov. (MPMA 15-0001/90) in (2). Legend: A—maximum dorsal length of the cranium; B— cranium width in the region of caniniform teeth; C—maximum nasal length; D—minimum distance between the supraorbital fenestrae; E—maximum width of cranial roof; F—width of supratemporal fenestra; G—minimum distance between supratemporal fenestrae; H—maximum length of the cranium; I—lengths of diastemata; J—dimension of suborbital fenestra; L—minimum distance between suborbital fenestrae; M—width of suborbital fenestra; N—distance between the external faces of ectopterygoids; O—maximum width of the cranium; P—minimum height of the cranium; Q—maximum orbital length; Rmaximum dimension of antorbital fenestra; S - orbital height; T—maximum length of laterotemporal fenestra; U—maximum cranium height; V—angle between the ventral maxillary plane and the palatal fenestra plane. Schematic drawings extracted from Andrade & Bertini (2008) and Iori & Carvalho (2011).
FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 4. Fossil and schematic diagram of the holotype of Caipirasuchus paulistanus (MPMA 67-0001/00). Cranium (A and B) and mandible (C and D) in lateral views. Legend: af, antorbital fenestra; ang, angular; ap, anterior palpebral; d, dentary; ect, ectopterygoid; en, external nostril; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; ltf, laterotemporal fenestra; m, maxilla; mf, mandibular fenestra; n, nasal; orb, orbit; p, parietal; pf, prefrontal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; sq, squamosal; stf, supratemporal fenestra.
FIGURE 10 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 10. Fossil and schematic diagram of the referred specimen of Caipirasuchus montealtensis (Andrade & Bertini, 2008) comb. nov. (MPMA 68-0003/12). Cranium (A and B) and mandible (C and D) in lateral views. Legend: af, antorbital fenestra; ang, angular; d, dentary; ect, ectopterygoid; en, external nostril; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; ltf, laterotemporal fenestra; m, maxilla; mf, mandibular fenestra; n, nasal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; sq, squamosal.
FIGURE 7 in Taxonomic reappraisal of the sphagesaurid crocodyliform Sphagesaurus montealtensis from the Late Cretaceous Adamantina Formation of São Paulo State, Brazil
FIGURE 7. Fossil and schematic draw of the holotype of Caipirasuchus montealtensis (Andrade & Bertini, 2008) comb. nov. (MPMA 15-0001/90). Cranium (A and B) and mandible (C and D) in lateral views. Legend: af, antorbital fenestra; ang, angular; d, dentary; ect, ectopterygoid; en, external nostril; f, frontal; j, jugal; l, lacrimal; ltf, laterotemporal fenestra; m, maxilla; mf, mandibular fenestra; n, nasal; orb, orbit; p, parietal; pf, prefrontal; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pp, posterior palpebral; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; sa, surangular; sq, squamosal; stf, supratemporal fenestra.
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