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1,271 results for “Data Flow”
Debris flow inventory and data for regionally modelling runout in the upper Maipo river basin, Chile
<p>This dataset contains mapped debris flow source points, runout track polygons and elevation data for the upper Maipo river basin, Chile</p>
Pressure and Inertial sensing drifter data for glacial hydrology flow path.
<p>Raw data for paper titled 'Topology and pressure distribution reconstruction of an englacial channel'</p> <p>The dataset consists of field measurements conducted on Austre Brøggerbreen, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. The dataset consists of:</p> <p>(1)Raw englacial data (6 deployments), 2019; (2) Raw supraglacial data (11 deployments), 2019; (3) Average GNSS drifter path along the supraglacial channel, 2019; (4) GNSS drifter path along the englacial channel, 2020; (5) Englacial river mapped from a satellite image.</p> <p>The experimental work was conducted between 30.06.2019 and 05.07.2019, during the period of the main spring snow melt. All drifters were recovered by hand from the river.</p>
Data from: Genomic signatures of sympatric speciation with historical and contemporary gene flow in a tropical anthozoan (Hexacorallia: Actiniaria)
Sympatric diversification is increasingly thought to have played an important role in the evolution of biodiversity around the globe. However, an in situ sympatric origin for co-distributed taxa is difficult to demonstrate empirically because different evolutionary processes can lead to similar biogeographic outcomes- especially in ecosystems that can readily facilitate secondary contact due to a lack of hard barriers to dispersal. Here we use a genomic (ddRADseq), model-based approach to delimit a species complex of tropical sea anemones that are co-distributed on coral reefs throughout the Tropical Western Atlantic. We use coalescent simulations in fastsimcoal2 to test competing diversification scenarios that span the allopatric-sympatric continuum. We recover support that the corkscrew sea anemone Bartholomea annulata (Le Sueur, 1817) is a cryptic species complex, co-distributed throughout its range. Simulation and model selection analyses suggest these lineages arose in the face of historical and contemporary gene flow, supporting a sympatric origin, but an alternative secondary contact model also receives appreciable model support. Leveraging the genome of Exaiptasia diaphana we identify five loci under divergent selection between cryptic B. annulata lineages that fall within mRNA transcripts or CDS regions. Our study provides a rare empirical, genomic example of sympatric speciation in a tropical anthozoan. Finally, these data represent the first range-wide molecular study of any tropical sea anemone, underscoring that anemone diversity is under described in the tropics, and highlighting the need for additional systematic studies into these ecologically and economically important species.
Data from: Anthropogenic land-use change intensifies the effect of low flows on stream fishes
1. As ecosystems experience simultaneous disturbances, it is critical to understand how multiple stressors interact to affect ecological change. Land-use change (LUC) and extreme flow events are two important stressors that could interact to affect fish populations. 2. We evaluated the individual and interactive effects of discharge and LUC associated with oil and natural gas development (ONGD) on populations of two stream fishes over a seven-year period. We used repeated-state (i.e., abundance trends) and rate (i.e., colonization and persistence) responses to advance our understanding of flow-ecology relationships in a multiple-stressor framework. 3. Overall, fish abundance, colonization, and persistence declined in association with discharge. The effect of LUC associated with ONGD differed between species, with the abundance of Mottled Sculpin declining and Mountain Sucker increasing. We found both synergistic and antagonistic interactions between discharge and LUC. LUC intensified the effect of low flows for one species and lead to greater variability in responses to flows for the other species. These differences between species' responses are likely due to differences in their physiological tolerances and behavioral adaptations to disturbance. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our research provides empirical evidence for the complex interactions that can arise between discharge and anthropogenic LUC. Management efforts (e.g., silt fences, vegetation replanting, and in-stream restoration) to mitigate the effects of anthropogenic alterations and promote high-quality refuge habitats could help mitigate the effect of hydrologic extremes. Further development of flow-ecology relationships in a multiple-stressor framework will help guide management of stream fishes, and provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying flow-ecology relationships for different species.06-Sep-2019
Data from: Does gene flow aggravate or alleviate maladaptation to environmental stress in small populations?
Environmental change can expose populations to unfamiliar stressors, and maladaptive responses to those stressors may result in population declines or extirpation. Although gene flow is classically viewed as a cause of maladaptation, small and isolated populations experiencing high levels of drift and little gene flow may be constrained in their evolutionary response to environmental change. We provide a case study using the model Trinidadian guppy system that illustrates the importance of considering non-adaptive forces (i.e., gene flow and genetic drift) when predicting (mal)adaptive response to acute stress. We compared population genomic patterns and acute stress responses of inbred guppy populations from headwater streams either with or without a recent history of gene flow from a more diverse mainstem population. Compared to 'no-gene flow' analogues, we found that populations with recent gene flow showed higher genomic variation and increased stress tolerance – but only when exposed to a stress familiar to the mainstem population (heat shock). All headwater populations showed similar responses to a familiar stress in headwater environments (starvation) regardless of gene flow history, whereas exposure to an entirely unfamiliar stress (copper sulphate) showed population-level variation unrelated to environment or recent evolutionary history. Our results suggest that (mal)adaptive responses to acutely stressful environments are determined in part by recent evolutionary history and in part by previous exposure. In some cases, gene flow may provide the variation needed to persist, and eventually adapt, in the face of novel stress.
Data from: The relevance of gene flow with wild relatives in understanding the domestication process
<p><span><span><span>The widespread use of genomic tools has allowed for a deeper understanding of the genetics and the evolutionary dynamics of domestication. Recent studies have suggested that multiple domestications and introgression are more common than previously thought. However, the ability to correctly infer the domestication process depends on having an adequate representation of wild relatives. Cultivated maize (<i>Zea mays</i> spp. <i>mays</i>) is one of the most important crops in the world, with a long and a relatively well documented history of domestication. The current consensus points towards a single domestication event from teosinte <i>Zea mays</i> spp. <i>parviglumis</i> from the Balsas Basin in Southwest central Mexico. However, the underlying diversity of teosintes from lowlands <i>Z. mays</i> spp<i>. parviglumis</i> and highlands <i>Zea mays</i> spp. <i>mexicana</i>) was not taken into account in early studies. We used 32,739 SNPs obtained from 29 teosinte populations and 43 maize landraces to explore the relationship between wild and cultivated members of <i>Zea.</i> We then inferred levels of gene flow among teosinte populations and maize, the degree of population structure of <i>Zea mays</i> subspecies, and potential domestication location of maize. We confirmed a strong geographic structure within <i>Z. mays </i>spp. <i>parviglumis</i> and documented multiple gene flow events with other members of the genus, including an event between <i>Z. mays</i> spp. <i>mexicana </i>and maize. Our results suggest that the likely ancestor of maize may have been domesticated not in the Balsas Basin as previously thought, but in Jalisco or in the Pacific coast, and that different populations of the teosinte subspecies have contributed to modern maize's gene pool. Our results points towards a long period of domestication marked by gene flow with wild relatives, making domestication a long and ongoing process. </span></span></span></p>
Quantification of uncertainties introduced by data-processing procedures of sap flow measurements using the cut-tree method on a large mature tree
<p>Motivation: Sap flow sensors are crucial instruments to understand whole-tree water use. The lack of direct calibration of the available methods on large trees and the application of several data-processing procedures may jeopardize our understanding of water uptake dynamics by increasing the uncertainties around sensor-based estimates. We directly compared the heat ratio method (HRM) sap flow measurements to water uptake measured gravimetrically using the cut-tree method on a large mature aspen tree to quantify those uncertainties for ten consecutive days.</p> <p>Dataset: In this dataset, we provide sap flux density (ten-minutes intervals; g.cm-2.hr-1; corrected for wounding and sapwood thermal diffusivity) obtained from four HRM sap flow sensors installed at 2.5 m high on the focus tree (20 m tall, 60 years old trembling aspen in the boreal mixedwood region of Alberta) between July 18th and August 22nd 2017. We present the code and data (weather data from neighboring weather station) used to calculate whole-tree sap flux (L.hr-1) from each of the individual sensors using different methods of radial integration of sap flux density across the sapwood area estimated via different calculations, as well as different zero-flow corrections used. The cut-tree procedure was applied to the focus tree, and gravimetric measurements of water uptake (ten-minutes intervals) were made using a recording scale. We directly compared the different estimates of hourly, daily and cumulative sap flows obtained with gravimetric measurement of water uptake. We present the code providing the statistical analysis and results reported in the associated publication (Merlin, M., Solarik, K.A., Landhäusser, S.M. Quantification of uncertainties introduced by data-processing procedures of sap flow measurements using the cut-tree method on a large mature tree. 2020. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.107926)</p>
Data from: Spatio-temporal dynamics of impulse responses to figure motion in optic flow neurons
White noise techniques have been used widely to investigate sensory systems in both vertebrates and invertebrates. White noise stimuli are powerful in their ability to rapidly generate data that help the experimenter decipher the spatio-temporal dynamics of neural and behavioral responses. One type of white noise stimuli, maximal length shift register sequences (m-sequences), have recently become particularly popular for extracting response kernels in insect motion vision. We here use such m-sequences to extract the impulse responses to figure motion in hoverfly lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs). Figure motion is behaviorally important and many visually guided animals orient towards salient features in the surround. We show that LPTCs respond robustly to figure motion in the receptive field. The impulse response is scaled down in amplitude when the figure size is reduced, but its time course remains unaltered. However, a low contrast stimulus generates a slower response with a significantly longer time-to-peak and half-width. Impulse responses in females have a slower time-to-peak than males, but are otherwise similar. Finally we show that the shapes of the impulse response to a figure and a widefield stimulus are very similar, suggesting that the figure response could be coded by the same input as the widefield response.
Data set 1 for CARBON AND GENE FLOW MEDIATED BY VIRUS LIFE
<p>Experimental data sets used for manuscripts associated with coccolithovirus infection of <em>Emiliania huxleyi</em>. Flow cytometry data; expression data of genes associated with photophysiology, fatty acid metabolism and sulphur cycling.</p> <p>Please contact Willie Wilson (wilwil@sahfos.ac.uk) for further information.</p> <p> </p>
Data set 2 for CARBON AND GENE FLOW MEDIATED BY VIRUS LIFE
<p>Experimental data sets used for manuscripts associated with coccolithovirus infection of <em>Emiliania huxleyi; </em>and grazing of virus-infected <em>Emiliania huxleyi. </em>Data includes: Flow cytometry; photophysiology, carbon/nitrogen, fatty acid metabolism, sulphur cycling and cell volume.</p> <p>Please contact Willie Wilson (wilwil@sahfos.ac.uk) for further information.</p>
Fully-coupled pressure-based finite-volume framework for the simulation of fluid flows at all speeds in complex geometries (Supporting Data)
<p>This data accompanies the paper "Fully-coupled pressure-based finite-volume framework for the simulation of fluid flows at all speeds in complex geometries", published in Journal of Computational Physics (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2017.06.009.</p>
Data from: Gene flow and isolation in the arid Nearctic revealed by genomic analyses of desert spiny lizards
<p>The opposing forces of gene flow and isolation are two major processes shaping genetic diversity. Understanding how these vary across space and time is necessary to identify the environmental features that promote diversification. The detection of considerable geographic structure in taxa from the arid Nearctic has prompted research into the drivers of isolation in the region. Several geographic features have been proposed as barriers to gene flow, including the Colorado River, Western Continental Divide, and a hypothetical Mid-Peninsular Seaway in Baja California. However, recent studies suggest that the role of barriers in genetic differentiation may have been overestimated when compared to other mechanisms of divergence. In this study, we infer historical and spatial patterns of connectivity and isolation in Desert Spiny Lizards (<em>Sceloporus magister</em>) and Baja Spiny Lizards (<em>S. zosteromus</em>), which together form a species complex composed of parapatric lineages with wide distributions in arid western North America. Our analyses incorporate mitochondrial sequences, genomic-scale data, and past and present climatic data to evaluate the nature and strength of barriers to gene flow in the region. Our approach relies on estimates of migration under the multispecies coalescent to understand the history of lineage divergence in the face of gene flow. Results show that the <em>S. magister</em> complex is geographically structured, but we also detect instances of gene flow. The Continental Divide is a strong barrier to gene flow, while the Colorado River is more permeable. Analyses yield conflicting results for the catalyst of differentiation of peninsular lineages in <em>S. zosteromus</em>. Our study shows how large-scale genomic data for thoroughly sampled species can shed new light on biogeography. Furthermore, our approach highlights the need for the combined analysis of multiple sources of evidence to adequately characterize the drivers of divergence.</p>
Data from: Predator-driven behavioral shifts in a common lizard shape resource-flow from marine to terrestrial ecosystems
<p>We conducted a field experiment to assess foraging niche dynamics of semiarboreal brown anole lizards in the presence/absence of predatory ground-dwelling curly tailed lizards in a replicated set of island ecosystems. Data used in this study includes ecological infomration for the replicated islands of study (i.e. relative arthropod and seaweedabundances) together with phenotypic data of the lizards studied (body mass, size, body condition, as well as behavioral traits describing risk-taking behavior) as well as habitat use data and marine component of diet as a surrogate of the diet of these lizards. One year after experimental translocation, brown anoles exposed to these predators increased perch height and reduced consumption of marine-derived food resources. We also use this dataset to investigate if this foraging niche shift altered marine-to-terrestrial resource-flow dynamics and persisted in the diets of the first-generation offspring. Finally, we also assessed if lizards that displayed more risk-taking behaviors consumed more marine prey on islands with predators present.</p>
Mapping and modelling global mobility infrastructure stocks, material flows and their embodied greenhouse gas emissions - Data
<p>Dynamics of societal material stocks such as buildings and infrastructures and their spatial patterns drive surging resource use and emissions. Building up and maintaining stocks requires large amounts of resources; currently stock-building materials amount to almost 60% of all materials used by humanity. Buildings, infrastructures and machinery shape social practices of production and consumption, thereby creating path dependencies for future resource use. They constitute the physical basis of the spatial organization of most socio-economic activities, for example as mobility networks, urbanization and settlement patterns and various other infrastructures. </p><p>The data in this repository show the material stocks contained in global mobility infrastructure networks at the country-level and mapped at 5arcmins, as well as country-level estimates of material flows for maintenance, replacement and expansion of those infrastructures, and the associated GHG emissions from materials production. This repository contains all data as shown in figures of the article, including the GeoTIFF files for figure 3, and the supplementary data file containing full country-level results.</p><p><strong>Data</strong><br>This dataset includes the following data:</p><ul><li>Global maps of material stocks in mobility infrastructure networks at 5 arcmins, separate for all roads, all rail-based infrastructure, as well as in total and per capita</li><li>Global country-level material stock estimates for mobility infrastructures</li><li>Global country-level estimates of material flows and associated GHG emissions for materials production</li><li>Material intensity in mass per area of road (kg/m²) per road type</li><li>Material intensity in mass per area of railway track (kg/m²) per railway type</li><li>Material intensity in mass per area (kg/m²) per bridges and tunnels</li></ul><p>Material intensity factors are available for iron and steel, concrete, asphalt, aggregate (sand & gravel), timber, and other.</p><p><strong>Further information</strong><br>This dataset complements the following scientific article:</p><p>Wiedenhofer, Dominik, André Baumgart, Sarah Matej, Doris Virág, Gerald Kalt, Maud Lanau, Danielle Densley Tingley, u. a. "Mapping and Modelling Global Mobility Infrastructure Stocks, Material Flows and Their Embodied Greenhouse Gas Emissions". <i>Journal of Cleaner Production</i>, November 2023, 139742. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139742">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139742</a>.</p><p>For further information please see the publication. You can also contact Dominik Wiedenhofer <a href="mailto:dominik.wiedenhofer@boku.ac.at">dominik.wiedenhofer(a)boku.ac.at</a> and visit our <a href="https://boku.ac.at/understanding-the-role-of-material-stock-patterns-for-the-transformation-to-a-sustainable-society-mat-stocks">website</a> to learn more about our project: <i>MAT_STOCKS - Understanding the Role of Material Stock Patterns for the Transformation to a Sustainable Society.</i></p><p><strong>Funding</strong><br>This research was funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (MAT_STOCKS, grant agreement No 741950). </p>
Data from: Multi-generation genetic contributions of immigrants reveal cryptic elevated and sex-biased effective gene flow within a natural meta-population
<p>Impacts of immigration on micro-evolution and population dynamics fundamentally depend on net rates and forms of resulting gene flow into recipient populations. Yet, the degrees to which observed rates and sex ratios of physical immigration translate into multi-generational genetic legacies have not been explicitly quantified in natural meta-populations, precluding inference on how movements translate into effective gene flow and eco-evolutionary outcomes. Our analyses of three decades of complete song sparrow (<em>Melospiza melodia</em>) pedigree data show that multi-generational genetic contributions from regular natural immigrants substantially exceeded those from contemporary natives, consistent with heterosis-enhanced introgression. Further, while contributions from female immigrants exceeded those from female natives by up to three-fold, male immigrants' lineages typically went locally extinct soon after arriving. Both the overall magnitude, and the degree of female bias, of effective gene flow therefore greatly exceeded those which would be inferred from observed physical arrivals, reshaping the eco-evolutionary implications of immigration.</p>
Data for: A novel and enhanced calibration of the tilting weir as a flow measurement structure
<p>To achieve reliable and equitable water distribution it is necessary to accurately estimate the volumetric discharge of water flow through rivers and canals. One such method of accomplishing this is by using hydraulic structures, such as the tilting weir. This structure not only can be used to measure the discharge of water on a continuous basis, but also allows for regulating the water level upstream of the structure. Presently, tilting weirs are often used to control water levels, but the literature on their utilization as flow measurement structures has remained sparse. This study presents a thorough analysis of laboratory experiments on scaled models of tilting weirs, where the flow depth upstream of the structure (i.e., head) and the inclination angle are used to calibrate an equation to estimate the discharge to a high degree of accuracy. Operational guidelines to ensure minimum uncertainty in measurement are also given.</p> <p>The data published here include head and discharge measurements for all experiments conducted, including information on the experimental location, date, and model dimensions. Publication of this data is intended to allow other researchers to verify the calibration procedure laid out in the primary article, and as a comparative dataset for future calibrations.</p>
Data for: Experiment on hydrodynamic characteristics of plunging flows in bedrock canyon bends
<p>The dataset is about the hydrodynamic characteristics of plunging flows in bedrock bends. The dataset includes raw data of bed topography of the Ciping Reservoir canyon section of Jinghe River and the bed of the flume experiments, flow field along the center profiles of plain- and undulating-beds conditions, and the bed shear stress of plain- and undulating-beds conditions.</p>
Data from: Hybrids of two destructive subterranean termites established in the field, revealing a potential for gene flow between species
<p>Hybridization between invasive pest species may lead to significant genetic and economic impacts that require close monitoring. The two most invasive and destructive termite species worldwide, <em>Coptotermes formosanus</em> Shiraki and <em>Coptotermes gestroi</em> (Wasmann), have the potential for hybridization in the field. A three-year field survey conducted during the dispersal flight season of <em>Coptotermes</em> in Taiwan identified alates with atypical morphology, which were confirmed as hybrids of the two <em>Coptotermes</em> species using microsatellite and mitochondrial analyses. Out of 27,601 alates collected over three years, 4.4% were confirmed as hybrid alates, and some advanced hybrids (>F1 generations) were identified. The hybrid alates had a dispersal flight season that overlapped with the two parental species 13 out of 15 times. Most of the hybrid alates were females, implying that mating opportunities beyond F1 may primarily be possible through female hybrids. However, the incipient colony growth results from all potential mating combinations suggest that only backcross colonies with hybrid males could sometimes lead to brood development. The observed asymmetrical viability and fertility of hybrid alates may critically reduce the probability of advanced-hybrid colonies being established in the field.</p>
S1_Flow_Cytometry_Data
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Recherchebreen delta formation and glacier flow velocity data
<p>Data supporting our study on the rapid delta formation connected to glacier surge. The dataset contains positions of delta shoreline and centreline length (2020-2022) together with glacier flow velocity derived from Sentinel-1. Delta-related data produced by Jan Kavan, glacier velocity data by Adrian Luckman.</p> <p> </p> <p>This study is a contribution to the National Science Centre project ‘GLAVE’ (Award No. UMO-2020/38/E/ST10/00042).</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.