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1,034 results for “Empirical”
Data in the analysis of Comparative Study of the Impact of Dummy Variables on Regression Coefficients and Canonical Correlation Indices: an Empirical perspective
<p>This data is used in the analysis related to the article Comparative Study of the Impact of Dummy Variables on Regression Coefficients and Canonical Correlation Indices: an Empirical perspective. The data contain Crude Oil Prices, Exchange Rates, and Dummy variables coded 1 for the era before the Covid-19 outbreak and 0 for the era of Covid-19.</p> <p> </p>
The visualization of the dynamics of the empirical liquidity cost function (for the Brent futures contracts)
<p>The dynamics of the <strong>empirical liquidity cost function</strong> for a futures contract for Brent oil is presented. The top panel shows the empirical liquidity cost function. The bottom panel shows the dynamics of the average price of a futures contract. The time interval between each value is 5 seconds. Visualization is performed in accelerated mode.</p>
Data from: A framework for simultaneous tests of abiotic, biotic, and historical drivers of species distributions: empirical tests for North American wood warblers based on climate and pollen
Understanding how abiotic, biotic and historical factors shape species distributions remains a central question in ecology, but studies linking biotic factors to continental-scale patterns remain scarce. Here, we present a novel framework for simultaneously testing patterns expected when abiotic, biotic or historical factors drive species range limits. We use ecological niche models to produce empirical estimates of the "Biotic, Abiotic, and Movement" paradigm (BAM diagrams), which previously had only been used theoretically. Based on climatic and pollen data, as well as explicit consideration of dispersal limitations, we implement the framework for a group of North American birds (Oreothlypis warblers) with clear habitat associations. Because the pollen-based predictor variables characterize vegetation, they represent biotic factors needed by each bird species. Although continental-scale patterns of distribution traditionally are attributed to abiotic factors, only one species matched the hypothesis of solely abiotic drivers. In contrast, pollen-based models indicate biotic drivers for two species, correctly predicting their absence in climatically suitable areas. These results highlight the feasibility of considering and quantifying potential effects of biotic interactions on species ranges, especial when interactions can be decoupled from abiotic factors. Furthermore, the availability of pollen data now and in the Holocene highlights the potential of these data to be used to predict range shifts of other organisms tightly dependent on particular vegetation types.
Data from: Ecosystem function in predator-prey food webs - confronting dynamic models with empirical data
1. Most ecosystem functions and related services involve species interactions across trophic levels, e.g. pollination and biological pest control. Despite this, our understanding of ecosystem function in multi-trophic communities is poor, and research has been limited to either manipulations in small communities or statistical descriptions in larger ones. 2. Recent advances in food web ecology may allow us to overcome the trade-off between mechanistic insight and ecological realism. Molecular tools now simplify the detection of feeding interactions, and trait-based approaches allow the application of dynamic food web models to real ecosystems. We performed the first test of an allometric food web model's ability to replicate temporally non-aggregated abundance data from the field, and to provide mechanistic insight into the function of predation. 3. We aimed to reproduce and explore the drivers of the population dynamics of the aphid herbivore Rhopalosiphum padi observed in ten Swedish barley fields. We used a dynamic food web model, taking observed interactions and abundances of predators and alternative prey as input data, allowing us to examine the role of predation in aphid population control. The inverse problem methods were used for simultaneous model fit optimization and model parameterization. 4. The model captured >70% of the variation in aphid abundance in five of ten fields, supporting the model-embodied hypothesis that body-size can be an important determinant of predation in the arthropod community. We further demonstrate how in-depth model analysis can disentangle the likely drivers of function, such as the community's abundance and trait composition. Analyzing the variability in model performance revealed knowledge gaps, such as the source of episodic aphid mortality, and general method development needs that, if addressed, would further increase model success and enable stronger inference about ecosystem function. 5. The results demonstrate that confronting dynamic food web models with abundance data from the field is a viable approach to evaluate ecological theory and to aid our understanding of function in real ecosystems. However, to realize the full potential of food web models, in ecosystem function research and beyond, trait-based parameterization must be refined and extended to include more traits than body size.
Insights from empirical analyses and simulations on using multiple fossil calibrations with relaxed clocks to estimate divergence times
<p>Relaxed clock methods account for among-branch-rate-variation when estimating divergence times by inferring different rates for individual branches. In order to infer different rates for individual branches, important assumptions are required. This is because molecular sequence data does not provide direct information about rates, but instead provides direct information about the total number of substitutions along any branch, which is a product of the rate and time for that branch. Often, the assumptions required for estimating rates for individual branches depend heavily on the implementation of multiple fossil calibrations in a single phylogeny. Here, we show that the basis of these assumptions is often critically undermined. First, we highlight that the temporal distribution of the fossil record often violates key assumptions of methods that use multiple fossil calibrations with relaxed clocks. With respect to "node calibration" methods, this conclusion is based on our inference that different fossil calibrations are unlikely to reflect the relative ages of different clades. With respect to the fossilised-birth-death-process, this conclusion is based on our inference that the fossil recovery rate is often highly heterogeneous. We then demonstrate that methods of divergence time estimation that use multiple fossil calibrations are highly sensitive to assumptions about the fossil record and among-branch-rate-variation. Given the problems associated with these assumptions, our results highlight that using multiple fossil calibrations with relaxed clocks often does little to improve the accuracy of divergence time estimates.</p> <p> </p>
Assessing the benefits and risks of translocations in depauperate species: a theoretical framework with an empirical validation
<p>1. Conservation translocations are becoming more common to assist in the management of threatened native species. While many translocation programs focus on maximizing survival in newly established populations, consideration is also required for the persistence of source populations. 2. Here, we present and test a theoretical framework that assesses the translocation trade-off between increasing a species probability of survival and decreasing a species' overall genetic diversity. We anticipate that i) the genetic diversity of translocated populations will be reduced compared to the source due to a failure to capture and retain genetic diversity, and ii) the genetic diversity of the source population will decline due to the removal of founder individuals. 3. We test this framework with an empirical study of redfin blue eye, Scaturiginichthys vermeilipinnis; a critically endangered fish species which has undergone several replicate translocations, established with founders sourced from a single remnant population. Several generations after reintroduction, we show that the predicted survival of the species has improved as a result of these translocations. 4. While the species' genetic diversity has been retained across all populations combined (translocated and source), we show that genetic diversity in each individual population (including the source) is reduced compared to the source population prior to translocation. 5. <i>Synthesis and applications</i>. Conservation translocations can provide great benefits to species survival, enabling extinction risk to be spread across multiple populations. Translocated populations, however, often harbour reduced genetic diversity compared to source populations and initiating translocated populations can decrease the genetic diversity of source populations, placing them at an increased risk of extinction. The framework presented here enables the trade-off between extinction risk and retention of genetic diversity to be established. This will enable the optimal conservation strategy to be employed to increase the long-term persistence and evolutionary potential of a species.</p>
Empire State Building
The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, United States. It was designed by Shreve, Lamb & Harmon and built from 1930 to 1931. Its name is derived from "Empire State", the nickname of the state of New York. The building has a roof height of 1,250 feet (380 m) and stands a total of 1,454 feet (443.2 m) tall, including its antenna. Kindly support me on [Patreon](http:///www.patreon.com/HUSSEN?fan_landing=true) and [Artsation](http://www.artstation.com/mohamedhussien1) I really need your support to continue. 😁 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
National emblem of the Russian Empire
National emblem of the Russian Empire from a pharmacy in Kłobuck ID no.: KGZ 1258 Museum: The Museum of Pharmacy at the Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków https://muzea.malopolska.pl/en/objects-list/891 Digitalisation: RDW MIC, Virtual Małopolska project Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
1st Empire Drum
This is a Submission for an assigment due for 23/11/2021 The guidelines were to recreate a props that we wanted. This drum is very Highly inspired by French Drum from the 1st Empire era but not stick at a historic reality ! A video presenting the object is available here: https://youtu.be/bIy7Si5w_8k Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Coin of the Russian Empire (1916)
Денежная единица: копейка. Номинал: 1. Год выпуска: 1916 год. Материал: медь. Гурт рубчатый. Диаметр: 21,7 мм / Monetary unit: penny. Denomination: 1. Year of issue: 1916. Material: copper. Ribbed edge. Diameter: 21.7 mm. A random find in the vicinity of Sterlitamak (Russia, Republic of Bashkortostan). Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Empire State Building
The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, United States. It was designed by Shreve, Lamb & Harmon and built from 1930 to 1931. Its name is derived from "Empire State", the nickname of the state of New York. The building has a roof height of 1,250 feet (380 m) and stands a total of 1,454 feet (443.2 m) tall, including its antenna. Kindly support me on [Patreon](http:///www.patreon.com/HUSSEN?fan_landing=true) and [Artsation](http://www.artstation.com/mohamedhussien1) I really need your support to continue. 😁 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Empire State Building
Kindly support me on [Patreon](https://www.patreon.com/mohussien?fan_landing=true) and [Artsation](http://www.artstation.com/mohamedhussien1) I really need your support to continue. 😁 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Empirical Investigation of Subsumption Test Hardness in Description Logic Classification
<p>This is the dataset supporting the analysis for the submission "Empirical Investigation of Subsumption Test Hardness in Description Logic Classification" to CADE, 2015. Data in its very raw form is not included, but the dataset containing non aggregated subsumption test data (labelled subsumptiontest_data) and the overall module data (labelled module_data) contain all the records corresponding to the raw data (albeit amended by some additional measurements and ontology metadata). </p> <p>The r_scripts directory contains all the<strong> r files needed to run the analysis</strong>. However, the code is written ad hoc and is very slow, and should only be considered as a reference. Running the code does not work out of the box, as a series of directory paths need to be set manually.</p> <p>The r_data directory contains all the <strong>datasets used in the analysis.</strong>.</p> <p>-- map_subsumptiontest_data_non_aggregated contains the non aggregated subsumption test data from which the first experiment, the subsumption test hardness survey, is conducted<br /> -- map_module_data_non_aggregated contains the non aggregated module data from which the first experiment, the subsumption test hardness survey, is conducted</p> <p>-- module_data_non_aggregated.RData contains the non aggregated module data from which the intra-module analysis is conducted<br /> -- subsumptiontest_data_non_aggregated.RData contains the non aggregated subsumption test data from which the intra-module analysis is conducted</p> <p>-- inter_module_data.RData contains the results of the inter-module analysis from the perspective of the modules<br /> -- intra_module_data.RData contains the results of the intra-module analysis from the perspective of the modules<br /> -- inter_subsumptiontest_data.RData contains the results of the inter-module analysis from the perspective of the subsumption tests<br /> -- intra_subsumptiontest_data.RData contains the results of the intra-module analysis from the perspective of the subsumption tests</p> <p>The csv_data directory contains the same data as the r_data directory in CSV form.</p>
Module Data for the Empirical Investigation of Subsumption Test Hardness in Description Logic Classification
<p>This dataset contains 224 modules of 14 distinct ontologies for the submission "Empirical Investigation of Subsumption Test Hardness in Description Logic Classification" to CADE, 2015. The submitted version with the dataset description can be found here:</p> <p>http://owl.cs.manchester.ac.uk/publications/supporting-material/subtest-hardness-in-classification/</p> <p>The ontologies in this set are BioPortal ontologies from the snapshot provided at http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15667. </p> <p>The following ontologies are in the set: </p> <p>MFOEM - Emotion Ontology<br /> BT - Biotop Ontology<br /> NEMO - Neural Electromagnetic Ontology<br /> NTDO - Neglected Tropical Disease Ontology<br /> OBI - Ontology for Biomedical Investigations<br /> OGSF - Ontology for Genetic Susceptibility Factor<br /> ONL-MSA - Mental State Assemssment<br /> VSO - Vital Sign Ontology<br /> CAO - Clusters of Orthologous Groups Cog Analysis Ontology <br /> ICO - Informed Consent Ontology<br /> OMRSE - Ontology of Medically Related Social Entities<br /> STATO - Statistics Ontology<br /> NPO - Nanoparticle Ontology<br /> OBCS - Ontology of Biological and Clinical Statistics</p>
An Empirical Analysis of Amazon EC2 Spot Instance Features Affecting Cost-effective Resource Procurement
<p>This repository contains code and data for the paper "An Empirical Analysis of Amazon EC2 Spot Instance Features Affecting Cost-effective Resource Procurement", by Cheng Wang, Qianlin Liang and Bhuvan Urgaonkar.</p>
Empirical validation of CodeCity - A controlled experiment
<p>Reference</p> <p>Studies who have been using the data (in any form) are required to include the following reference:</p> <p>@inproceedings{Wettel:2011:SSC:1985793.1985868, author = {Wettel, Richard and Lanza, Michele and Robbes, Romain}, title = {Software Systems As Cities: A Controlled Experiment}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering}, series = {ICSE '11}, year = {2011}, isbn = {978-1-4503-0445-0}, location = {Waikiki, Honolulu, HI, USA}, pages = {551--560}, numpages = {10}, url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1985793.1985868}, doi = {10.1145/1985793.1985868}, acmid = {1985868}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, keywords = {empirical validation, software visualization}, }</p> <p>About the Data</p> <p>Overview of Data</p> <p>This paper provided the complete raw and processed data for the controlled experiment for the empirical evaluation of a 3D software visualization approach based on a city metaphor and implemented in a tool called CodeCity. This includes and is not limited to the pre-experiment, in-experiment and debriefing questionnaires, solution oracles and grading systems, correction scores and measured completion time.</p> <p>Attribute Information</p> <p>Debriefing questionnaires, solution oracles and grading systems, correction scores and measured completion time</p> <p>Paper Abstract</p> <p>Software visualization is a popular program comprehension technique used in the context of software maintenance, reverse engineering, and software evolution analysis. While there is a broad range of software visualization approaches, only few have been empirically evaluated. This is detrimental to the acceptance of software visualization in both the academic and the industrial world. We present a controlled experiment for the empirical evaluation of a 3D software visualization approach based on a city metaphor and implemented in a tool called CodeCity. The goal is to provide experimental evidence of the viability of our approach in the context of program comprehension by having subjects perform tasks related to program comprehension. We designed our experiment based on lessons extracted from the current body of research. We conducted the experiment in four locations across three countries, involving 41 participants from both academia and industry. The experiment shows that CodeCity leads to a statistically significant increase in terms of task correctness and decrease in task completion time. We detail the experiment we performed, discuss its results and reflect on the many lessons learned.</p>
Python Systems for Empirical Analysis
<p>Reference</p> <p>Studies who have been using the data (in any form) are required to include the following reference:</p> <p>@inproceedings{Orru2015, abstract = {The aim of this paper is to present a dataset of metrics associated to the first release of a curated collection of Python software systems. We describe the dataset along with the adopted criteria and the issues we faced while building such corpus. This dataset can enhance the reliability of empirical studies, enabling their reproducibility, reducing their cost, and it can foster further research on Python software.}, author = {Orrú, Matteo and Tempero, Ewan and Marchesi, Michele and Tonelli, Roberto and Destefanis, Giuseppe}, booktitle = {Submitted to PROMISE '15}, keywords = {Python, Empirical Studies, Curated Code Collection}, title = {A Curated Benchmark Collection of Python Systems for Empirical Studies on Software Engineering}, year = {2015} }</p> <p>About the Data</p> <p>Overview</p> <p>This paper presents a dataset of metrics taken from a curated collection of 51 popular Python software systems.</p> <p>The dataset reports 41 metrics of different categories: volume/size, complexity and object oriented metrics. These metrics and computed both at file and class level. We provide metrics for any file and class of each system and global metrics (computed on the entire system). Moreover we provide 14 meta-data for each system.</p> <p>Paper Abstract</p> <p>The aim of this paper is to present a dataset of metrics associated to the first release of a curated collection of Python software systems. We describe the dataset along with the adopted criteria and the issues we faced while building such corpus. This dataset can enhance the reliability of empirical studies, enabling their reproducibility, reducing their cost, and it can foster further research on Python software.</p>
Empirical Stellar Templates Associated with "An Empirical Template Library of Stellar Spectra for a Wide Range of Spectral Classes, Luminosity Classes, and Metallicities Using SDSS BOSS Spectra"
<p>This is the dataset of empirical stellar templates associated with the publication "An Empirical Template Library of Stellar Spectra for a Wide Range of Spectral Classes, Luminosity Classes, and Metallicities Using SDSS BOSS Spectra", which has been accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplements. </p>
Visual Variables in UML: a First Empirical Assessment
<p>We join the 8 anonymised interviews transcriptions, a word document containing the important information for our analysis.</p> <p>We also joint the results of the classification of the diagrams related to open source projects from GitHub: excel document and the images themselves. </p>
Screen Capture & Audior Recordings - Empirical Study "Business Process Model Validation Through Virtual Enactment"
<p>Screen captures of task completion and audio recordings of interviews of the empirical study which has been conducted within the context of the master thesis "Business Process Model Validation Through Virtual Enactment"</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.