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932 results for “Long term data”
Data from: Ecological network inference from long-term presence-absence data
Ecological communities are characterized by complex networks of trophic and nontrophic interactions, which shape the dy-namics of the community. Machine learning and correlational methods are increasingly popular for inferring networks from co-occurrence and time series data, particularly in microbial systems. In this study, we test the suitability of these methods for inferring ecological interactions by constructing networks using Dynamic Bayesian Networks, Lasso regression, and Pear-son's correlation coefficient, then comparing the model networks to empirical trophic and nontrophic webs in two ecological systems. We find that although each model significantly replicates the structure of at least one empirical network, no model significantly predicts network structure in both systems, and no model is clearly superior to the others. We also find that networks inferred for the Tatoosh intertidal match the nontrophic network much more closely than the trophic one, possibly due to the challenges of identifying trophic interactions from presence-absence data. Our findings suggest that although these methods hold some promise for ecological network inference, presence-absence data does not provide enough signal for models to consistently identify interactions, and networks inferred from these data should be interpreted with caution.
Data from: Long-term population dynamics of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis): a cross-system analysis
Dreissenid mussels (including the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and the quagga mussel D. rostriformis) are among the world's most notorious invasive species, with large and widespread ecological and economic effects. However, their long‐term population dynamics are poorly known, even though these dynamics are critical to determining impacts and effective management. We gathered and analyzed 67 long‐term (>10 yr) data sets on dreissenid populations from lakes and rivers across Europe and North America. We addressed five questions: (1) How do Dreissena populations change through time? (2) Specifically, do Dreissena populations decline substantially after an initial outbreak phase? (3) Do different measures of population performance (biomass or density of settled animals, veliger density, recruitment of young) follow the same patterns through time? (4) How do the numbers or biomass of zebra mussels or of both species combined change after the quagga mussel arrives? (5) How does body size change over time? We also considered whether current data on long‐term dynamics of Dreissena populations are adequate for science and management. Individual Dreissena populations showed a wide range of temporal dynamics, but we could detect only two general patterns that applied across many populations: (1) Populations of both species increased rapidly in the first 1–2 yr after appearance, and (2) quagga mussels appeared later than zebra mussels and usually quickly caused large declines in zebra mussel populations. We found little evidence that combined Dreissena populations declined over the long term. Different measures of population performance were not congruent; the temporal dynamics of one life stage or population attribute cannot generally be accurately inferred from the dynamics of another. We found no consistent patterns in the long‐term dynamics of body size. The long‐term dynamics of Dreissena populations probably are driven by the ecological characteristics (e.g., predation, nutrient inputs, water temperature) and their temporal changes at individual sites rather than following a generalized time course that applies across many sites. Existing long‐term data sets on dreissenid populations, although clearly valuable, are inadequate to meet research and management needs. Data sets could be improved by standardizing sampling designs and methods, routinely collecting more variables, and increasing support.
Data from: Plant demographic and functional responses to management intensification: a long-term study in a Mediterranean rangeland
1. Understanding how functional traits, which are key for plant functioning, relate to demographic parameters of populations is central to tackle pending issues in plant ecology such as the forecast of the fate of populations and communities in a changing world, the quantification of community assembly processes or the improvement of species distribution models. We addressed this question in the case of species from a Mediterranean rangeland of southern France. 2. Changes in species abundance in response to management intensification (fertilization and increased grazing pressure) were followed over a 28-year period. Probabilities of presence, and elasticities of the changes in the probability of space occupancy to colonization and survival, which are analogues of demographic parameters, were calculated for 53 species from the time series of abundance data using a space occupancy model. Nine quantitative traits pertaining to resource use, plant morphology, regeneration and phenology were measured on these species and related to demographic parameters. 3. The long-term dynamics of species in response to management intensification was associated with major changes in functional traits and strategies. Changes in the probability of occurrence – analogous to population growth rate - were correlated with traits describing the fast-slow continuum of leaf functioning. The elasticity of population growth rate to colonization was significantly related to reproductive plant height and seed mass, and to a lower extent, to leaf carbon isotopic ratio. 4. Synthesis. The functional response of species to management intensification corresponds to a shift along the second axis of a recently identified global spectrum of plant form and function, which maps, to some extent, onto the fast-slow continuum of life-history strategies. By contrast, the elasticity of colonization relates to the global spectrum axis capturing the size of organs. Seed mass contributes to this axis and is assumed to relate to one of the important traits structuring the reproductive strategy axis of life histories as well, namely net reproductive rate. While this mapping between functional and life-history traits is appealing, further tests in contrasting types of communities are required to assess its degree of generality.
Data from: Long-term climate and competition explain forest mortality patterns under extreme drought
Rising temperatures are amplifying drought-induced stress and mortality in forests globally. It remains uncertain, however, whether tree mortality across drought-stricken landscapes will be concentrated in particular climatic and competitive environments. We investigated the effects of long-term average climate [i.e. 35-year mean annual climatic water deficit (CWD)] and competition (i.e. tree basal area) on tree mortality patterns, using extensive aerial mortality surveys conducted throughout the forests of California during a 4-year statewide extreme drought lasting from 2012 to 2015. During this period, tree mortality increased by an order of magnitude, typically from tens to hundreds of dead trees per km2, rising dramatically during the fourth year of drought. Mortality rates increased independently with average CWD and with basal area, and they increased disproportionately in areas that were both dry and dense. These results can assist forest managers and policy-makers in identifying the most drought-vulnerable forests across broad geographic areas.
Data from: Ancient polymorphisms contribute to genome-wide variation by long-term balancing selection and divergent sorting in Boechera stricta
Background: Genomic variation is widespread, and both neutral and selective processes can generate similar patterns in the genome. These processes are not mutually exclusive, so it is difficult to infer the evolutionary mechanisms that govern population and species divergence. Boechera stricta,is a perennial relative of Arabidopsis thaliana native to largely undisturbed habitats with two geographic and ecologically divergence subspecies. Here we delineate the evolutionary processes driving genetic diversity and population differentiation in this species. Results: Using whole genome re-sequencing data from 517 Boechera stricta accessions, we identify four genetic groups that diverged around 30 - 180 thousand years ago, with long-term small effective population sizes and recent population expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum. We find three genomic regions with elevated nucleotide diversity, totaling about 10% of the genome. These three regions of elevated nucleotide diversity show excess of intermediate-frequency alleles, higher absolute divergence (dXY) and lower relative divergence (FST) than genomic background, and significant enrichment in immune-related genes, reflecting long-term balancing selection. Scattered across the genome we also find regions with both high FST and DXY among groups, termed FST-islands. Population genetic signatures indicate that FST-islands with elevated divergence, which have experienced directional selection, are derived from divergent sorting of ancient polymorphisms. Conclusions: Our results suggest that long-term balancing selection on disease resistance genes may have maintained ancestral haplotypes across different geographical lineages, and unequal sorting of balanced polymorphisms may have generated genomic regions with elevated divergence. This study highlights the importance of ancestral balanced polymorphisms as crucial components of genome-wide variation.
Data from: Long-term in situ persistence of biodiversity in tropical sky-islands revealed by landscape genomics
Tropical mountains are areas of high species richness and endemism. Two historical phenomena may have contributed to this: (1) fragmentation and isolation of habitats may have promoted the genetic differentiation of populations and increased the possibility of allopatric divergence and speciation, and; (2) the mountain areas may have allowed long-term population persistence during global climate fluctuations. These two phenomena have been studied using either species occurrence data or estimating species divergence times. However, only few studies have used intraspecific genetic data to analyse the mechanisms by which endemism may emerge at the microevolutionary scale. Here, we use landscape analysis of genomic SNP data sampled from two high-elevation plant species from an archipelago of tropical sky-islands (the Transmexican Volcanic Belt) to test for population genetic differentiation, synchronous demographic changes and habitat persistence. We show that genetic differentiation can be explained by the degree of glacial habitat connectivity among mountains, and that mountains have facilitated the persistence of populations throughout glacial/interglacial cycles. Our results support the ongoing role of tropical mountains as cradles for biodiversity by uncovering cryptic differentiation and limits to gene flow.
Supporting data for "Synthesizing long-term sea level rise projections - the MAGICC sea level model v2.0"
<p>This is supporting data and configuration information to reproduce results from the MAGICC sea level model (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.572395) presented in Nauels et al. (2017), using version 7.0 beta of the simple climate carbon-cycle model MAGICC (Meinshausen et al. 2011). For a compiled or source code version of MAGICC including the sea level model (git hash: c5c4e05518ed99f2bd53e2c6e68d238bbd6f17ec), please contact alexander.nauels@climate-energy-college.org.</p> <p>MAGICC input data and CMIP5 reference datasets are provided as a zip-file.</p> <p><br> REFERENCE DATASETS</p> <p>For MAGICC version 7.0 beta, the ocean model has been updated to emulate CMIP5 ocean temperatures and thermal expansion. The calibration results shown in Nauels et al. (2017) are based on potential ocean temperature (thetao) and thermal expansion (zostoga) reference datasets that are provided the 'data' directory. Reference datasets for the other sea level components have to be requested from the authors of the corresponding studies (Marzeion et al. 2014, Fettweis et al. 2013, Nick et al. 2013, Ligtenberg 2013, Levermann 2014). All relevant CMIP5 MAGICC input (.IN) is provided in the 'run' directory.</p> <p><br> MAGICC MODEL CONFIGURATION</p> <p>To customize a MAGICC run, namelist entries have to be modified in the configuration file 'MAGCFG_USER.CFG'. In order to select a CMIP5 model specific MAGICC ocean calibration, the model setup has to be called with the 'FILE_TUNINGMODEL_XX' entry, e.g. 'OCNTUNE_CCSM4' for the CCSM4 model. Automatically, the corresponding initial ocean temperature profile and model specific ocean layer area fractions will be applied. For prescribing the respective surface air temperatures, the namelist flag 'CORE_PRESCRTEMP_APPLY' has to be set to 1, with the model specific temperature dataset defined by 'FILE_PRESCR_SURFACETEMP', e.g. 'CORE_PRESCRTEMP_CMIP5_CCSM4_RCP85.IN'. The following MAGICC namelist entries have to be adapted in order to fully reproduce CMIP5 consistent results presented in Nauels et al. (2017): </p> <p>[...]<br> e.g. FILE_TUNINGMODEL_1 = "OCNTUNE_CCSM4",<br> [...]<br> CORE_SWITCH_TEMPADJUST_OCN2ATM = 1,<br> CORE_SWITCH_OCN_TEMPPROFILE = 2,<br> CORE_SWITCH_OCN_AREAFACTOR = 1,<br> CORE_PRESCRTEMP_APPLY = 1,<br> e.g. FILE_PRESCR_SURFACETEMP = "CORE_PRESCRTEMP_CMIP5_CCSM4_RCP85.IN",<br> [...]<br> OUT_TEMPERATURE = 1,<br> OUT_TEMPOCEANLAYERS = 1,<br> OUT_SEALEVEL = 1,<br> OUT_PARAMETERS = 1,<br> [...]<br> OUT_ASCII_BINARY = "ASCII",<br> [...]</p> <p>MAGICC output is stored in the 'out' directory. Depending on the flag 'OUT_ASCII_BINARY', either ASCII or BINARY files are produced for the output parameters which are set to 1 in the namelist, e.g. 'OUT_SEALEVEL = 1'. </p> <p><br> MAGICC SEA LEVEL MODEL LICENSE</p> <p>This source code of the MAGICC sea level model is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode).</p> <p><br> MAGICC PARENT MODEL LICENSES</p> <p>The MAGICC executable is provided under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/). The MAGICC source code is available under a separate license agreement. Any derivatives have to be fed back to the MAGICC developers, so that users of future MAGICC versions can have the benefit of applying the model alterations, enhancements etc. Furthermore, we would like you to provide feedback, bug reports and development suggestions.</p> <p><br> REFERENCES</p> <p>Fettweis, X., Franco, B., Tedesco, M., van Angelen, J. H., Lenaerts, J. T. M., van den Broeke, M. R., and Gallée, H.: Estimating the Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance contribution to future sea level rise using the regional atmospheric climate model MAR, The Cryosphere, 7, 469–489, 2013.</p> <p>Levermann, A.,Winkelmann, R., Nowicki, S., Fastook, J. L., Frieler, K., Greve, R., Hellmer, H. H., Martin, M. A., Meinshausen, M., Mengel, M., Payne, A. J., Pollard, D., Sato, T., Timmermann, R., Wang, W. L., and Bindschadler, R. A.: Projecting Antarctic ice discharge using response functions from SeaRISE ice-sheet models, Earth Syst. Dynam., 5, 271–293, 2014.</p> <p>Ligtenberg, S. R. M., van de Berg, W. J., van den Broeke, M. R., Rae, J. G. L., and van Meijgaard, E.: Future surface mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet and its influence on sea level change, simulated by a regional atmospheric climate model, Climate Dynamics, 41, 867–884, 2013.</p> <p>Meinshausen, M., Raper, S. C. B., and Wigley, T. M. L.: Emulating coupled atmosphere-ocean and carbon cycle models with a simpler model, MAGICC6 - Part 1: Model description and calibration, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11, 1417–1456, 2011.</p> <p>Nauels, A., Meinshausen, M., Mengel, M., Lorbacher, K., and Wigley, T. M. L.: Synthesizing long-term sea level rise projections – the MAGICC sea level model v2.0, Geosci. Model Dev., 2017.</p> <p>Nick, F. M., Vieli, A., Andersen, M. L., Joughin, I., Payne, A., Edwards, T. L., Pattyn, F., and van de Wal, R. S. W.: Future sea-level rise from Greenland’s main outlet glaciers in a warming climate, Nature, 497, 235–238, 2013.</p>
Data for: Predation and biophysical context control long-term carcass nutrient inputs in an Andean ecosystem
<p>Animal carcass decomposition is an often-overlooked component of nutrient cycles. The importance of carcass decomposition for increasing nutrient availability has been demonstrated in several ecosystems, but impacts in arid lands are poorly understood. In a protected high desert landscape in Argentina, puma predation of vicuñas is a main driver of carcass distribution. Here, we sampled puma kill sites across three habitats (plains, canyons, and meadows) to evaluate the impacts of vicuña carcass and stomach decomposition on soil and plant nutrients up to 5 years after carcass deposition. Soil beneath both carcasses and stomachs had significantly higher soil nutrient content than adjacent reference sites in arid, nutrient-poor plains and canyons, but not in moist, nutrient-rich meadows. Stomachs had greater effects on soil nutrients than carcasses. However, we did detect higher plant N concentrations at kill sites. The biogeochemical effects of puma kills persisted for several years and increased over time, indicating that kills do not create ephemeral nutrient pulses, but can have lasting effects on the distribution of soil nutrients. Comparison to broader spatial patterns of predation risk reveals that puma predation of vicuñas is more likely in nutrient-rich sites, but carcasses have the greatest effects on soil nutrients in nutrient-poor environments, such that carcasses increase localized heterogeneity by generating nutrient hotspots in less productive environments. Predation and carcass decomposition may thus be important overlooked factors influencing ecosystem functioning in arid environments.</p>
Data for: Coherent long-term body-size responses across all Northwest Atlantic herring populations to warming and environmental change despite contrasting harvest and ecological factors
<p>Body size is a key component of individual fitness and an important factor in the structure and functioning of populations and ecosystems. Disentangling the effects of environmental change, harvest, and intra- and inter-specific trophic effects on body size remains challenging for populations in the wild. Herring in the Northwest Atlantic provide a strong basis for evaluating hypotheses related to these drivers given that they have experienced significant warming and harvest over the past century, while also having been exposed to a wide range of other selective constraints across their range. Using data on mean length-at-age 4 for the sixteen principal populations over a period of 53 cohorts (1962-2014), we fitted a series of empirical models for temporal and between-population variation in the response to changes in sea surface temperature. We find evidence for a unified cross-population response in the form of a parabolic function according to which populations in naturally warmer environments have responded more negatively to increasing temperature compared with those in colder locations. Temporal variation in residuals from this function was highly coherent among populations, further suggesting a common response to a large-scale environmental driver. The synchrony observed in this study system, despite strong differences in harvest and ecological histories among populations and over time, clearly indicates a dominant role of environmental change on size-at-age in wild populations, in contrast to commonly reported effects of fishing. This finding has important implications for the management of fisheries as it indicates that a key trait associated with population productivity may be under considerably less short-term management control than currently assumed. Our study, overall, illustrates the need for a comparative approach within species for inferences concerning the many possible effects on body size of natural and anthropogenic drivers in the wild.</p>
Data/code from: Long-term data reveal that grazer density mediates climatic stress in salt marshes
<p>Understanding how climate and local stressors interact is paramount for predicting future ecosystem structure. The effects of stressors are often examined in small-scale and short-term field experiments, limiting understanding of the spatial and temporal generality of the findings. Using a 22-year observational dataset of plant and grazer abundance in a Southeastern US salt marsh, we analyzed how changes in drought and snail density combined to affect plant biomass. We found: (1) increased drought severity and higher snail density both correlated with lower plant biomass; (2) drought and snail effects interacted additively; and, (3) snail effects had a threshold, with additive top-down effects only occurring when snails were present at high densities. These results suggest that the emergence of multiple stressor effects can be density-dependent, and they validate short-term experimental evidence that consumers can exacerbate environmental stress. These findings have important implications for predicting future ecosystem structure and managing natural ecosystems.</p><p>The data and code included here can be used to replicate all analyses and figures in our manuscript.</p>
Data from: To lose is to win: long-term co-occurrence of two asexual populations realized by a dormant strategy of the inferior competitor
<p><span>Asexual organisms are ubiquitous. While they are the same single species with the same ecological requirements, multiple asexual genotypes within a species are often found in a single habitat. Niche partitioning in time and space among genotypes has been proposed to explain this phenomenon. However, it is not clear whether these different genotypes co-occur in the long term. </span><span>Therefore, we examined the population dynamics of two asexual <em>Daphnia</em> cf. <em>pulex</em> genotypes (JPN1 and JPN2) over nine years in a small mountain lake. These two genotypes consistently occurred in the same seasons and layers, suggesting that niche partitioning cannot explain their long-term co-occurrence. The abundance of JPN1 was typically higher in most years. However, the abundance of dormant eggs in lake sediments was at the same level between the genotypes. </span><span>The laboratory experiment showed that JPN1 excluded JPN2. However, many JPN2 individuals produced the dormant eggs before JPN1 competitively excluded them from the experiment. Furthermore, the competitively inferior JPN2 produced the dormant eggs abundantly in the medium containing a crowding cue from JPN1. However, no such trend was observed for JPN1. </span><span>These results showed that the competitively inferior asexual genotype could maintain the population with the competitively superior genotype for a long period of time because it had the ability to detect the increase in competitors and produce the dormant eggs each year before being competitively eliminated. </span><span>Based on these results, we suggest that the variation in the genotype-specific response in dormant egg production to environmental change plays a key role in t</span><span>he long-term co-occurrence of different asexual genotypes in single habitats.</span></p>
Data from: Stable isotope evidence for long-term stability of large-scale hydroclimate in the Neogene North American Great Plains
<p>The Great Plains of North America host a stark climatic gradient, separating the humid and well-watered eastern US from the semi-arid and arid western US, and this gradient shapes the region's water availability, its ecosystems, and its economies. This climatic boundary is largely set by the influence of two competing atmospheric circulation systems that meet over the Great Plains—the wintertime westerlies bring dominantly dry air that gives way to moist, southerly air transported by the Great Plains Low-Level Jet in the warmer months. Climate model simulations suggest that, as CO<sub>2</sub> rises, this low- level jet will strengthen, leading to greater precipitation in the spring, but less in the summer and, thus, no change in mean annual precipitation. Combined with rising temperatures that will increase potential evapotranspiration, semi-arid conditions will shift eastward, with potentially large consequences for the ecosystems and inhabitants of the Great Plains. We examine how hydroclimate in the Great Plains varied in the past in response to warmer global climate by studying the paleoclimate record within the Ogallala Formation, which underlies nearly the entire Great Plains and provides a spatially resolved record of hydroclimate during the globally warmer late Miocene. We use the stable isotopes of oxygen (δ<sup>18</sup>O) as preserved in authigenic carbonates hosted within the abundant paleosol and fluvial successions that comprise the Ogallala Formation as a record of past hydroclimate. Today, and coincident with the modern aridity gradient, there is a sharp meteoric water δ<sup>18</sup>O gradient with high (−6 to 0‰) δ<sup>18</sup>O in the southern Great Plains and low (−12 to −18‰) δ<sup>18</sup>O in the northern Plains. We find that the spatial pattern of reconstructed late Miocene precipitation δ<sup>18</sup>O is indistinguishable from the spatial pattern of modern meteoric water δ<sup>18</sup>O. We use a recently developed vapor transport model to demonstrate that this δ<sup>18</sup>O spatial pattern requires air mass mixing over the Great Plains between dry westerly and moist southerly air masses in the late Miocene—consistent with today. Our results suggest that the spatial extent of these two atmospheric circulation systems have been largely unchanged since the late Miocene and any strengthening of the Great Plains Low-Level Jet in response to warming has been isotopically masked by proportional increases in westerly moisture delivery. Our results hold implications for the sensitivity of Great Plains climate to changes in global temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> and also for our understanding of the processes that drove Ogallala Formation deposition in the late Miocene.</p>
Data from: Long-term climate and hydrologic regimes shape stream invertebrate community responses to a hurricane disturbance
<p>Disturbances can produce a spectrum of short- and long-term ecological consequences that depend on complex interactions of the characteristics of the event, antecedent environmental conditions, and the intrinsic properties of resistance and resilience of the affected biological system. We used Hurricane Harvey's impact on coastal rivers of Texas to examine the roles of storm-related changes in hydrology and long-term precipitation regime on the response of stream invertebrate communities to hurricane disturbance. We detected declines in richness, diversity, and total abundance following the storm, but responses were strongly tied to direct and indirect effects of long-term aridity and short-term changes in stream hydrology. The amount of rainfall a site received drove both flood duration and flood magnitude across sites, but lower annual rainfall amounts (i.e., aridity) increased flood magnitude and decreased flood duration. Across all sites, flood duration was positively related to the time it took for invertebrate communities to return to a long-term baseline and flood magnitude drove larger invertebrate community responses (i.e., changes in diversity and total abundance). However, invertebrate response per unit flood magnitude was lower in sub-humid sites, potentially because of differences in refuge availability or ecological-evolutionary interactions. Interestingly, sub-humid streams had temporary large peaks in invertebrate total abundance and diversity following recovery period that may be indicative of the larger organic matter pulses expected in these systems because of their comparatively well-developed riparian vegetation. Our findings show that hydrology and long-term precipitation regime predictably affected invertebrate community responses and, thus, our work underscores the important influence of local climate to ecosystem sensitivity to disturbances.</p>
Data for the publication: Surging process and mechanism of small glaciers in the Qilian mountains revealed by long-term and dense remote sensing observations
<p>This repository contains the data and results associated to the publication submitted entitled "Surging process and mechanism of small glaciers in the Qilian mountains revealed by long-term and dense remote sensing observations".</p> <p>The results and data contain:</p> <ul> <li>Raw and processed ASTER DEM time series data stored in netcdf format (<em>Hala_surges_aster**.nc</em>): </li> </ul> <ol> <li>Raw DEM stack composed of 56 ASTER DEM.</li> <li>Processed DEM stacks generated by LOWESS-ALPS-REML workflow in each step.</li> </ol> <ul> <li>Multi-temporal elevation change maps stored in geotiff format:</li> </ul> <ol> <li>multi-temporal elevation change results calculated from different DEMs during different period (<em>Hala_surges_[sensor]_[period]_dh_final.tif</em>).</li> <li>Elevation difference map of SRTM-X and SRTM-C DEMs for estimation penetration depth difference ( <br><em>strm-c_x_n37_39_e96_e98_pentration_dh_final.tif</em>)</li> </ol> <ul> <li>Flow velocity time-series result processed by TICOI package stored in netcdf format:</li> </ul> <ol> <li>Irregular-sampling time-series inverted flow velocity results, represted by pixel-wise cumulative displacements ( <br><em>Hala_surges_LS7_LS8_ticoi_flow_angle_refine_velo_invert_ticoi.nc</em>)</li> <li>Regular-sampling time-series flow velocity results, interpolated to 30 days interval from the inverted results ( <br><em>Hala_surges_LS7_LS8_ticoi_flow_angle_refine_velo_interp_ticoi.nc</em>)</li> </ol>
Exo-Metabolomics Data for "Phocaeicola vulgatus shapes the long-term growth dynamics and evolutionary adaptations of Clostridioides difficile"
<p>Exo-Metabolomics Data for "<em>Phocaeicola vulgatus</em> shapes the long-term growth dynamics and evolutionary adaptations of <em>Clostridioides difficile</em>"</p>
Illumina Sequencing Data for "Phocaeicola vulgatus shapes the long-term growth dynamics and evolutionary adaptations of Clostridioides difficile"
<p>Illumina Sequencing Data for "<em>Phocaeicola vulgatus</em> shapes the long-term growth dynamics and evolutionary adaptations of <em>Clostridioides difficile</em>"</p>
An improved long-term high-resolution surface pCO2 data product for the Indian Ocean using machine learning
<p>This dataset contains two improved surface pCO2 products, along with surface pCO2 from the INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model (pCO2_model) and other input variables. It is a long-term, high-resolution dataset developed for the Indian Ocean region (30°E - 120°E, 30°S - 30°N), covering the period from 1980 to 2019. The dataset features a monthly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of 1/12 degree.</p> <p> The file includes INCOIS-BIO-ROMS model outputs (sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), mixed layer depth (MLD), nitrate (NO3), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and chlorophyll-a (CHL)). These variables are used as inputs for machine learning models to improve the pCO2_model. The machine learning model predicts the surface pCO2 deviants (pCO2_obs - pCO2_model). The file also provides spatiotemporally varying uncertainties associated with the predicted pCO2 deviants.</p> <p><strong>**Users are advised to download Version v2 of the data product, as Version v1 has been deprecated and is no longer recommended for use.</strong></p>
Data from: Long-term trends in the occupancy of ants revealed through use of multi-sourced datasets
<p><span>We combined participatory science data and museum records to understand long-term changes in occupancy for 29 ant species in Denmark over 119 years. Bayesian occupancy modelling indicated change in occupancy for 15 species: five increased, four declined and six showed fluctuating trends. We consider how trends may have been influenced by life-history and habitat changes. Our results build on an emerging picture that biodiversity change in insects is more complex than implied by the simple insect decline narrative.</span></p>
Data supporting "Can Long-Term Experiments Predict Real Field N and P Balance and System Sustainability? Results from Maize, Winter Wheat, and Soybean Trials Using Mineral and Organic Fertilisers"
<p>Data supporting "Can Long-Term Experiments Predict Real Field N and P Balance and System Sustainability? Results from Maize, Winter Wheat, and Soybean Trials Using Mineral and Organic Fertilisers" by Piccoli et al. (2021) Agronomy 2021, 11, 1472. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081472</p>
Data from: Historical surveys reveal a long-term decline in muskrat populations
<p>The muskrat (<i>Ondatra zibethicus</i>) is an iconic species in Canada, valued for both its fur and its integral role in wetland ecosystems, and widely regarded for its perseverance. However, the resilience of this semi-aquatic mammal seems to be in question now as increasing evidence points to widespread population declines. Recent analyses of harvest data across North America suggest a reduction in their numbers, but this has not been widely corroborated by population surveys. In this study we replicated historic muskrat house count surveys at two large Great Lakes coastal wetlands and present confirmation that declines in muskrat harvest correspond to actual declines in muskrat abundance. At the Point Pelee National Park marsh and the Matchedash Bay-Gray Marsh wetland we found that mean muskrat house counts declined by 93% and 91% respectively between historic surveys 40-50 years ago and contemporary surveys over the past seven years. The factors responsible for these dramatic declines remain unclear but there may be a relationship with changes in the habitat quality of these wetlands that have occurred over the same time frame. Not only is the loss of muskrats an issue for the resulting loss of the wetland ecosystem services they provide, but it may be an indication of broader marsh ecosystem degradation. As such, a scarcity of muskrats should be considered a red flag for the state of biodiversity in our wetlands. Continued surveys and ongoing research are needed to shed more light on the current status of muskrat populations and their marsh habitats across their native range.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.