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13,113 results for “Resistivity”
Figure 5 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 5. Amount of quinclorac (mg g−1 plant, mean ± SE) detected by liquid chromatography–diode array detector (DAD) in extracts of plants (aerial parts) from susceptible (SMT2) and two resistant (MSU1 and MSU2) Digitorio ischoemum populations, with previous application of 2 kg malathion ha−1 followed by 0.84 kg quinclorac ha−1 (QM), 0.84 kg quinclorac ha−1 (Q1X), no application of quinclorac or malathion (Q0X), and application of 2 kg malathion ha−1 alone (M), evaluated at 72 and 168 h after treatment (HAT). Means within an evaluation time and treatment with the same capital letter are not significantly different at the 5% level as determined by Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test; means for the same population and evaluation time with the same letter are not significantly different at the 5% level as determined by the LSD test.
Figure 1 in Exploring chemical control of 2,4-D-resistant wild radish (Rophonus rophonistrum) with auxin-related compounds
Figure 1. Compounds used as potential 2,4-D synergists or substitutes,and how they fit into the schemes of auxin biology.The compounds used in the current study are shown in shaded ovals, with blue representing the auxin biosynthesis pathway, green representing auxin signaling and transport, and orange representing auxin response. Abbreviations: ACC, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; BAP, 6-benzylaminopurine; CdRP, 1-(O-carboxylphenylamino)1-deoxyribulose-5-phosphate; EGTA, ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid; IAD, indole-3-acetaldehyde; IAM, indole-3-acetamide; IAN, indole-3-acetonitrile; IAOx, indole-3-acetaldoxime; IGP, indole glycerol phosphate; IPyA, indole-3-pyruvic acid; MA, methylanthranilate; PRA, phosphoribosylanthranilate; SAM, S-adenosylmethionine.
Figure 4. Specific glutathione S-transferase activity changes toward 1 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 4. Specific glutathione S-transferase activity changes toward 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene in Digitorio ischoemum tissues after (A) 0.84 kg quinclorac ha−1 or (B) 7.56 kg quinclorac ha−1. Data were expressed as a percentage change of the nontreated. Values are presented as mean ± SE. Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean. R, resistant; S, susceptible.
Figure 2 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 2. Aboveground dry mass of susceptible and resistant Digitorio ischoemum at 28 d after treatment. The D. ischoemum was at the 3-leaf stage of growth when herbicide was applied. Data were expressed as a percentage decrease of the mean dry mass of the nontreated control. Error bars show the standard error of the mean. R, resistant; S, susceptible.
Figure 4 in Exploring chemical control of 2,4-D-resistant wild radish (Rophonus rophonistrum) with auxin-related compounds
Figure 4. Assessment of auxinic herbicides applied preemergence to suspected and confirmed 2,4-D–resistant Rophonus rophonistrum populations. Field-collected populations with suspected resistance to 2,4-D (11 populations) and the confirmed resistant,2,4-D–selected populations (populations R1–R11) were sprayed preemergence with 560 g ha−1 2,4- D, 570 g ha−1 MCPA, or 750 g ha−1 dicamba, and the field-collected populations were also sprayed postemergence as part of the same experiment (dark blue bars). Values are means ± SE (n = 11, with each population representing one replicate), and different letters above bars denote significant (P <0.05) differences between means. For visual comparison, the averaged data for populations R1–R11 sprayed postemergence with 500 g ha−1 2,4-D or dicamba or 600 g ha−1 MCPA were also included, along with the pre- and postemergence data for the pooled susceptible (S1 and S2) populations (light blue bars). Data for the postemergence 2,4-D and dicamba treatments of populations R1–R11 were taken from Goggin et al. (2018: supplementary table S3) and from the current glasshouse study for the postemergence MCPA treatment.
Figure 1 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 1. Visual control of susceptible and resistant Digitorio ischoemum crabgrass at 28 d after treatment. The crabgrass was at the three-leaf stage of growth when herbicide was applied. Control was visually assessed on a 0%–100% scale (0% = no plant death; 100% = complete plant death). The data were normalized relative to the nontreated control. Error bars show the standard error of the mean. R, resistant; S, susceptible.
Figure 3 in Exploring chemical control of 2,4-D-resistant wild radish (Rophonus rophonistrum) with auxin-related compounds
Figure 3. Response of 2,4-D–resistant Rophonus rophonistrum populations to MCPA and mecoprop. Populations at the 2-leaf stage were sprayed with MCPA, mecoprop, or a 1:1 mix of each herbicide, and their survival was assessed after 21 d. (A) Survival in the glasshouse following treatment with 1,200 g ai ha−1 MCPA or mecoprop standalone, or 600 þ 600 g ha−1 MCPA þ mecoprop.As there were no significant differences among treatments within each population, the data were pooled,and means are shown as wide gray bars behind the blue bars that represent each individual herbicide treatment.Different letters above bars denote significant (P <0.05) differences among populations in response to the pooled treatments (values are means ± SE; n = 3). (B) Dose of MCPA or mecoprop or a 1:1 mix required to kill 50% of individuals (ED50) in an outdoor dose–response experiment. Different letters above bars denote significant differences in ED50 values within and among populations.
Figure 2. Interaction between 2,4-D in Exploring chemical control of 2,4-D-resistant wild radish (Rophonus rophonistrum) with auxin-related compounds
Figure 2. Interaction between 2,4-D and other auxin-related compounds in 2,4-D–susceptible (S1) or 2,4-D–resistant (R2 or R3) Rophonus rophonistrum populations. Seedling radicle elongation on agar in the presence of 2,4-D, a potential synergist, or both, was measured, and the interaction between chemicals was assessed using a Colby analysis. Values are means ± SE of three replicates. Asterisks denote an interaction (Iij) significantly different from an additive interaction, with negative values indicating synergism and positive values indicating antagonism. Abbreviations: ABA, abscisic acid; ACC, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; Aden, adenosine; BAP, 6-benzylaminopurine; 1-But, 1- butanol; Cyclan, cyclanilide; EGTA, ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N 0,N 0-tetraacetic acid; IAM, indole-3-acetamide; DL-Met, DL-methionine; MA, methyl anthranilate; Trypt, tryptamine.
Figure 1 in Characterization of Acetolactate Synthase (ALS)-Inhibitor Resistance in Pennsylvania smartweed (PersicOriO pensylvOnicO)
Figure 1. Dose–response assay using four-parameter log logistic model for (A) bensulfuron-methyl, (B) imazethapyr, and (C) bispyribac-sodium herbicides in Persicaria pensylvanica resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes. Each data point is a mean response of 30 plants (10 plants per replication).
Figure 2 in Characterization of Acetolactate Synthase (ALS)-Inhibitor Resistance in Pennsylvania smartweed (PersicOriO pensylvOnicO)
Figure 2. Two ALS gene mutations conferring ALS-inhibitor resistance in Persicaria pensylvanica. The underlined nucleotides (TCA and TCC) code for the amino acid serine instead of an alanine and proline at two different locations (122 and 197) of the ALS gene. R1, R2, and S refer to two resistant and one susceptible individuals, respectively.
An environmental resistance model to inform the biogeography of aquatic invasions in complex stream networks
<p>Freshwater invasions are a global conservation issue. Emerging tools for biogeographical analyses can provide critical information for their effective management and monitoring. Here, we propose a method to assess the distribution of environmental resistance of stream ecosystems to biological invasions by coupling multi‐stage habitat potential models for non‐native species. Location: Andean Patagonia (Chile and Argentina).Taxa: North American beaver (<em>Castor canadensis</em>), Chinook salmon (<em>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</em>), and coho salmon (<em>O. kisutch</em>). Methods: Environmental resistance to invasive species was mapped throughout a large region of Patagonia by stacking multi‐stage habitat relationships for each target species and assessing the complementation between critical habitats at multiple scales. We generated an environmental model of stream networks derived from high‐resolution topographic and climatic data representing 15,406 drainage basins (>1 km2) covering an area of 369,791 km2. We quantified the intrinsic potential of stream reaches (100 m and 1000 m) to sustain high‐quality habitats and assessed habitat complementation (i.e., abundance and proximity) at the sub‐basin scale as a proxy for environmental resistance. Results: Our model revealed high heterogeneity in the distribution of environmental resistance to invasions throughout the study region, providing case‐specific insights for the research and management of invaders. Conclusions: Environmental resistance modelling is a novel method to study the biogeography of riverine invasions. Our approach is compatible with additional sources of information about species and the environment and shows versatility to diverse invasion scenarios and data sources. This method can be useful in prioritising research and management of incipient and spreading invasions, especially for large and data‐poor regions.</p>
Figure 4 in Frequency of pyrethroid resistance in human head louse treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis
Figure 4. Forest plots of the proportion of heterozygote resistance and 95% confidence interval based on a random effect model in metaanalysis.
Figure 3 in Frequency of pyrethroid resistance in human head louse treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis
Figure 3. Forest plots of the proportion of homozygote resistant and 95% confidence interval based on a random effect model in metaanalysis.
Figure 2 in Frequency of pyrethroid resistance in human head louse treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis
Figure 2. Forest plots of the proportion of resistance in lice and 95% confidence interval based on a random effect model in meta-analysis.
Figure 3 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 3. Cyanide content of susceptible and resistant Digitorio ischoemum at 3 d after treatment. Data were expressed as a percentage increase of the mean control. Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean. R, resistant; S, susceptible.
Figure 1 in Molecular profiling of bacterial blight resistance in Malaysian rice cultivars
Figure 1. UPGMA dendrogram showed the patterns of resistance to bacterial blight in Malaysia rice varieties, based on scoring of 13 SSR and 1 STS.
Figure 1 in Antimicrobial resistance profile of Aeromonas spp. isolated from asymptomatic Colossoma macropomum cultured in the Amazonas State, Brazil
Figure 1. Records of Aeromonas spp. isolated from tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) by fish farms in the rainy season (bars with stripes) and the dry season (bars with dots).
Figure 1 in Resistance of sorghum hybrids to sorghum aphid
Figure 1. Survival rate (lx) and mean number of nymphs/female (mx) of the Melanaphis sorghi on 15 hybrids of grain sorghum.
Figure 3 in Metagenomic study of the communities of bacterial endophytes in the desert plant Senna Italica and their role in abiotic stress resistance in the plant
Figure 3. Alfa rarefaction curve observed based on observed species (OTUs) value. The curve has shown flatter to the right, which indicates the comparatively high species richness of the senna italica samples. Roots samples: Roots.1, Roots.2, and Roots.3. Leaves samples: Leaves.1, Leaves.2, and Leaves.3 are associated with Senna italica.
Figure 1 in Metagenomic study of the communities of bacterial endophytes in the desert plant Senna Italica and their role in abiotic stress resistance in the plant
Figure 1. (A) Results of clustering: Assembling a group of organisms (The organisms in the same group are similar). (B) The number of OTUs generated for each sample. The Root.1 sample had the most OTUs of 24, while the Leave.1 sample had the fewest of 13. Roots samples: Roots.1, Roots.2, and Roots.3. Leaves samples: Leaves.1, Leaves.2, and Leaves.3 are associated with Senna italica.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.