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Data from: Demographic history of the trace metal hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens (J. Presl and C. Presl) F. K. Mey. in Western Europe
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FIG. 11 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 11. — Evolution of MAT in Europe in terrestrial, marine shallow-water and deep-sea records. Abbreviations: MEN, Menat; GEL, Gelinden; SEZ, Sézanne; CEL, Célas; ARM, Armissan; AIX, Aix-en-Provence; SB, Saint-Bauzile. Symbols: black circle, this study, CLAMP on leaves; light blue solid line, Bechtel et al. (2008), δ13C on coal; pink solid line, Héran et al. (2010), δ18O on rodents; orange solid line, Hren et al. (2013), δ47 freshwater gastropods; grey background, Mosbrugger et al. (2005), CA on leaves; blue square, Moiseeva et al. (2018), CLAMP on leaves; yellow circle, Domingo et al. (2007), multi-proxy; green stars, Inglis et al. (2017), lignites; black solid line, Huygue et al. (2017), marine mollusks δ18O. Deep-sea record is adapted from Zachos et al. (2008). Numerical values are from Table 3. For Gelinden, Sézanne and Armissan, the results from CLAMP analysis using Asia1 calibration are displayed. For all other localities, the results from CLAMP analysis using BR calibration are displayed.
FIG. 8 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 8. — Saint-Bauzile paleoflora (Tortonian, Miocene): A, Castanea vesca Gaertner (MNHN.F.40273); B, Juglans regia L. (MNHN.F.40289); C, Populus tremula L. (MNHN.F.40244); D, Quercus cerris L. (MNHN.F.40225.2); E, Acer decipiens Braun (MNHN.F.40296); F, Acer campestre L. (MNHN.F.40318); G, Carpinus sp. (MNHN.F.40358); H, Quercus sp. – Ilex group (MNHN.F.40268); I, OTU 1 (MNHN.F.40393); J, Crataegus sp. (MNHN.F.40372); K, Vitis teutonica Braun (MNHN.F.40585.1); L, Vitis thunbergii Siebold & Zuccarini (MNHN.F.40228); M, Betula sp. (MNHN.F.40368); N, Ulmus sp. (MNHN.F.40366); O, Tilia sp. (MNHN.F.40323); P, OTU 2 (MNHN.F.40394); Q, OTU 4 (MNHN.F.40421); R, OTU 6 (MNHN.F.40345). Scale bars: A-F, H, I, K-R, 2 cm; G, J, 1 cm.
FIG. 9 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 9. — Physiognomic spaces showing the location of the fossil sites within the extant sites of A, Global calibration, B, BR calibration (excluding cold sites), C, Asia1 and D, Asia2 (both including monsoonal localities: blue filled circles). Numbers: 1, Menat; 2, Gelinden; 3, Sézanne; 4, Célas; 5, Armissan; 6, Aix-en- Provence; 7, Saint-Bauzile; green: localities close to the monsoonal sites.
FIG. 6 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 6. — Armissan paleoflora (Rupelian, Oligocene): A, Acer pseudocampestre Unger (MNHN.F.11137); B, Acer narbonense Saporta (MNHN.F.11139); C, Populus sclerophylla Saporta (MNHN.F.16043, MNHN.F.16089.B); D, Myrica banksiaefolia Unger (MNHN.F.12778); E, Quercus armata Saporta (MNHN.F.12782); F, Laurus resurgens Saporta (MNHN.F.16033); G, Laurus tournalii Saporta (MNHN.F.12773); H, Laurus conspicua Saporta (MNHN.F.12751); I, Celtis primigenia Saporta (MNHN.F.16099); J, Ilex acuminata Saporta (MNHN.F.16023); K, Ilex rigida Saporta (MNHN.F.16048); L, Engelhardtia oxyptera (MNHN.F.16091); M, Engelhardtia brongniartii (MNHN.F.12741.2M); N, Myrsine celastroides Ettingshausen (MNHN.F.11128.2, arrow);O, Ficus dryophylla Saporta (MNHN.F.16027, 16102); P, Zanthoxylon falcatum Saporta? (MNHN.F.16038); Q, Pinus divaricata Saporta (MNHN.F.11169); R, Pinus tenuis Saporta (MNHN.F.11072). Scale bars: A-L, P-R, 2 cm; M, O, 1 cm.
FIG. 7 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 7. — Aix-en-Provence paleoflora (Chattian, Oligocene): A, Cinnamomum aquense Saporta (MNHN.F.16204); B, Cinnamomum polymorphum (Braun) Heer (MNHN.F.12809); C, Ficus venusta Saporta (MNHN.F.13969); D, Ficus pulcherrima Saporta (MNHN.F.13972); E, Myrsine recuperata Saporta (MNHN.F.14174); F, Diospyros varians Saporta (MNHN.F.14251); G, Diospyros multinervis Saporta (MNHN.F.14252); H, Diospyros discreta Saporta (MNHN.F.14248.1); I, Myrica dryomorpha Saporta (MNHN.F.28566); J, Myrica angustata Saporta (MNHN.F.11707); K, Myrsine miramba Saporta (MNHN.F.14180); L, Oreodaphne detecta Saporta (MNHN.F.16189); M, Rhus macilenta (MNHN.F.14153); N, Rhus rhomboidalis Saporta (MNHN.F.14158); O, Vaccinium obscurum Saporta (MNHN.F.14645); P, Quercus palaeophellos Saporta (MNHN.F.13958); Q, Quercus elaena Unger (MNHN.F.11680); R, Aralia tripartita Saporta (MNHN.F.14098); S, Podocarpus proxima Saporta (MNHN.F.16174); T, Pinus coquandii Saporta (MNHN.F.12818.1M). Scale bars: A-K, N, P-T, 2 cm; L, M, O, 1 cm.
FIG. 5 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 5. — Célas paleoflora (Priabonian, Eocene): A, Cocculus intermedius Laurent (MHN Marseille, 4991); B, Phyllites sp (MHN Marseille, 4955); C, Parkinsonia recta Laurent (MHN Marseille, 4966); D, Rhododendron celasensis Laurent (MHN Marseille, 4988); E, Ficus ovalis Laurent (MHN Marseille, 4998); F, Ficus marioni Laurent (MHN Marseille, 5009); G, OTU 8 (MHN Marseille, 16733.45); H, Indet. (MHN Marseille, 16773.94); I, Andromeda neglecta Saporta (MHN Marseille, 4987); J, Zizyphus paradisiaca Heer (MHN Marseille, 4976); K, OTU 10 (MHN Marseille, 16773.53); L, OTU 19 (MHN Marseille, 16773.98); M,?Myrica dryandroefolia Brongniart (MHN Marseille, 16773.39); N, OTU 2 (MHN Marseille, 16733.2); O, OTU 1 (MHN Marseille, 16773.1.2); P, OTU 11 (MHN Marseille, 16773.54). Doliostrobus Marion cones at different stages of disintegration. Q, MHN Marseille, 16773.20 (Marion 1888: pl. II.16A-B); R, MHN Marseille, 16773.18; S, MHN Marseille, 16773.16 (Marion 1888: pl. II.15); T, MHN Marseille, 16773.14; U, MHN Marseille, 16773.17 (Marion 1888: pl. II.13); V, MHN Marseille, 16773.12. Scale bars: A, D-P, 2 cm; B, C, Q-V 1 cm.
FIG. 4 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 4. — Sézanne paleoflora (Thanetian, Paleocene): A, Protoficus sezannensis Saporta (MNHN.F.11873); B, Aralia hederacea Saporta (MNHN.F.11917); C, Sterculia variabilis Saporta (MNHN.F.11933); D, Ulmus antiquissima Saporta (MNHN.F.11870); E, Laurus assimilis Saporta (MNHN.F.11900); F, Zizyphus raincourtii Saporta (MNHN.F.11954); G, Daphnogene raincourtii Saporta (MNHN.F.11906); H, Sassafras primigenium Saporta (MNHN.F.11902); I, Cissus primaeva Saporta (MNHN.F.11926); J, Salix stupenda Saporta (MNHN.F.11880); K, Dryophyllum palaeocastanea Saporta (MNHN.F.11864); L, Aralia hederacea Saporta (MNHN.F.11964). Scale bars: A-E, I-L, 2 cm; F-H: 1 cm.
FIG. 3 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 3. — Menat paleoflora (Selandian, Paleocene): A, Populus balsamoides Goeppert (MNHN.F.21144); B, Corylus Mac-Quarrii (Forbes) Heer (MNHN.F.20734); C, Fraxinus agassiziana Heer (MNHN.F.12657); D, Salix lamottei Saporta (MNHN.F.21346); E, Dryophyllum dewalquei Saporta & Marion (MNHN.F.12665); F, Myrica saportana Schimper (MNHN.F.20790); G, Dryophyllum curticellense Saporta & Marion (MNHN.F.21097); H, Quercus elaena Unger (MNHN.F.21182); I, Acer loetum eocenicum C. A. Mey (MNHN.F.21157); J, Platanus schimperi (Heer) Saporta & Marion (MNHN.F.20711); K, Cinnamomum martyi Fritel (MNHN.F.12646); L, Laurus praecellens Saporta (MNHN.F.21332); M, Actinodaphne germari Heer (MNHN.F.21314); N, Lindera stenoloba (Saporta) Laurent (MNHN.F.21205); O, Quercus lonchitis Unger (MNHN.F.21300); P, Luheopsis vernieri Marty (MNHN.F.21165); Q, Ficus tiliaefolia Heer (MNHN.F.21260); R, Myrica hakeifolia Saporta (MNHN.F.21323). Scale bars: A-C, E, I-R, 2 cm; D, F, G, H, 1 cm.
FIG. 1 in Climatic evolution in Western Europe during the Cenozoic: insights from historical collections using leaf physiognomy
FIG. 1. — Location and chronostratigraphical positions of the deposits: A, Paleocene; B, Eocene-Oligocene; C, Miocene; D, present; adapted from Mai (1995), Rögl (1999), Bruch et al. (2007) and Kvaček (2010). Information on the provinces and floras are taken from Mai (1995) and Kvaček (2010), in regular and italic fonts respectively.
Spatio-temporal variability of tidal-stream energy in north-western Europe
Initial selection of tidal stream energy sites is primarily based on identifying areas with the maximum current speeds. However, optimal design and deployment of turbines requires detailed investigations of the temporal variability of the available resource, focusing on areas with reduced variability, and hence the potential for more continuous energy conversion. These aspects were investigated in some of the most promising sites for tidal array development across the north-western European shelf seas: the Alderney Race, the Fromveur Strait, the Pentland Firth, and the Orkney channels. Particular attention was dedicated to asymmetry between the flood and ebb phases of the tidal cycle (due to the phase relationship between M2 and M4 constituents), and spring-neap variability of the available resource (due to M2 and S2 compound tides). A series of high resolution models were exploited to (i) produce a detailed harmonic database of these three components, and (ii) characterize, using energy resource metrics, temporal variability of the available power density. There was a clear contrast between the Alderney Race, with reduced temporal variability over semi-diurnal and fortnightly time scales, and sites in western Brittany and North Scotland which, due to increased variability, appeared less attractive for optimal energy conversion.
Fig. 6 in A new vertebrate for Europe: the discovery of a range-restricted relict viper in the western Italian Alps
Fig. 6. Pattern variation in adult male (left) and adult female (right) of Vipera walser sp. nov.
Fig. 5 in A new vertebrate for Europe: the discovery of a range-restricted relict viper in the western Italian Alps
Fig. 5. Habitus of the holotype of Vipera walser sp. nov.
FIGURE 6 in Africorchestia a new genus of sand-hoppers (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) from western Africa and south-western Europe
FIGURE 6. Africorchestia spinifera (Mateus, 1962), male. Oued Ghrifa, Asilah, Morocco.
FIGURE 2 in Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe, with redescriptions of species
FIGURE 2. Measurements used for Watersipora morphometric analysis (see text).
Supplementary material A new insight of the MIS 3 Dansgaard-Oeschger climate oscillations in western Europe from the study of a Belgium isotopically equilibrated speleothem
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Supplementary material 2 from: Kadej M, Zając K, Smolis A, Tarnawski D, Tyszecka K, Malkiewicz A, Pietraszko M, Warchałowski M, Gil R (2017) The great capricorn beetle Cerambyx cerdo L. in south-western Poland – the current state and perspectives of conservation in one of the recent distribution centres in Central Europe. In: Campanaro A, Hardersen S, Sabbatini Peverieri G, Carpaneto GM (Eds) Monitoring of saproxylic beetles and other insects protected in the European Union. Nature Conservation 19: 111-134. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.19.11838
Distribution data of Cerambyx cerdo : Data type: occurence
Fig. 1 in Changing climate-changing pathogens: Toxoplasma gondii in North-Western Europe
Fig. 1 Projected changes in annual precipitation in case of a B2 scenario. Source: HadCM3 model, Hadley Centre, United Kingdom
Fig. 3 in Changing climate-changing pathogens: Toxoplasma gondii in North-Western Europe
Fig. 3 Mean temperatures in North-Western Europe as calculated by the CCSR (Center for Climate System Research, University of Tokyo) and NIES (National Institute for Environmental Studies) model under a SRES A1 scenario. Presented are mean temperatures in period from 1970 to 1999 (a), and the projected mean temperatures from 2010 to 2039 (b) and 2040–2069 (c). Figures obtained from www.ipcc-data.org
Figure 5 from: Kasparek M (2018) Taxonomic revision proves Trachusa pubescens (Morawitz, 1872) sensu lato to be a complex of allopatric and sympatric species in South-Eastern Europe and Western Asia (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthidiini). ZooKeys 764: 111-144. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.764.24581
Figure 5 Mandible width (left) and index clypeus length / mandible width in males of the five species of the Trachusa pubescens complex. Abbreviations: bal = T. balcanica sp. n.; hak = T. hakkariensis sp. n.; max = T. maxima; pub = T. pubescens; ver = T. verhoeffi.
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