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Fig. 7 in Amended diagnosis and redescription of Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900) (Amphibia: Craugastoridae), with a description of its advertisement call and notes on its breeding ecology and phylogenetic relationships

Fig. 7. Vocalization of Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900); oscillograms and spectrograms obtained using Raven v. 1.4. A. Oscillogram (top) and spectrogram (below) of three calls of IRSNB 14472 from Kaieteur National Park, Guyana (ca 16 s recording). B. Expanded oscillogram (top) and spectrogram (below) of one call of IRSNB 14471 from Kaieteur National Park, Guyana. C. Expanded oscillogram (top) and spectrogram (below) of one call of IRSNB 14472 from Kaieteur National Park, Guyana. Calls recordedat a temperature of 24°C.

Fig. 5 in Amended diagnosis and redescription of Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900) (Amphibia: Craugastoridae), with a description of its advertisement call and notes on its breeding ecology and phylogenetic relationships

Fig. 5. Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900). Intraspecific variation in dorsal (top) and ventral (below) colour patterns in preserved specimens.Photographs by PJRK.

Fig. 3 in Amended diagnosis and redescription of Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900) (Amphibia: Craugastoridae), with a description of its advertisement call and notes on its breeding ecology and phylogenetic relationships

Fig. 3. Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900). Ventral view of left hand and left foot of a male (top), and ventral view of right hand and right foot of a female (below), both from Kaieteur National Park, Guyana.Photographs by PJRK.

Fig.4 in Amended diagnosis and redescription of Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900) (Amphibia: Craugastoridae), with a description of its advertisement call and notes on its breeding ecology and phylogenetic relationships

Fig.4.Pristimantismarmoratus(Boulenger,1900)(fourindividualsatthetop)andP.pulvinatus(Rivero, 1968) (twoindividuals below).Intraspecificvariation in dorsalcolour pattern and sexualdimorphism in living specimens. Note: the subtle hint of green visible on the lower body and legs of some specimens of P. marmoratus is due to a reflection of the substrate (green leaf). Photographs by PJRK, except the uncollected P.pulvinatus, which is by CBA.

Fig.2 in Amended diagnosis and redescription of Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900) (Amphibia: Craugastoridae), with a description of its advertisement call and notes on its breeding ecology and phylogenetic relationships

Fig.2.Pristimantismarmoratus(Boulenger,1900).Preservedadult♂,holotype(BMNH1947.2.16.92). A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Dorsolateral view. Grid squares = 5 mm. Photographs by PJRK.

Fig. 1 in Amended diagnosis and redescription of Pristimantis marmoratus (Boulenger, 1900) (Amphibia: Craugastoridae), with a description of its advertisement call and notes on its breeding ecology and phylogenetic relationships

Fig. 1.MapoftheEasternPantepuiDistrictshowingtheknowndistributionof Pristimantismarmoratus (Boulenger,1900).Reddotsdenotelocalitiesofconfirmedoccurrencebasedeitheronmuseumspecimens or colour photographs.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2018View details →

FIGURE 1 in The advertisement call of Centrolene notostictum (Anura, Centrolenidae) with a new record of geographic distribution in Tolima, Colombia

FIGURE 1. Oscillogram (A) and audiospectrogram (B) of the advertisement call of C. notostictum (C). Voucher specimen CZUT-A 2080, snout-to-vent length: 23.96 mm. Call sample deposited at Fonoteca Zoológica, FZ_ Sound Code: 9982.

opennotspecifiedFeb 2018View details →

FIGURE 1 in The advertisement call of Proceratophrys branti Brandão, Caramaschi, Vaz-Silva & Campos, 2013 (Amphibia, Anura, Odontophrynidae)

FIGURE 1. (A) Male of Proceratophrys branti (CEPB9501) from the recorded population in municipality of Novo Acordo, state of Tocantins, Brazil; (B) Power spectrum of a single advertisement call of P. branti (bandwidth = 256 Hz); (C) Oscillogram and (D) spectrogram of a single advertisement call of P. branti, air temperature at time of recording = 28.4°C.

opennotspecifiedApr 2018View details →

FIGURE 2 in The advertisement calls of two species of Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from southern Atlantic Forest, Brazil

FIGURE 2. Advertisement call of Brachycephalus quiririensis: (A) oscillogram of three consecutive calls; and (B) spectrogram and (C) oscillogram of a single call. Voucher CFBHT 21178, recorded at Campos do Quiriri, Municipality of Garuva, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, on 27 November 2013, 0715 p.m., air temperature 16°C and air relative humidity 100%.

opennotspecifiedApr 2018View details →

FIGURE 1 in The advertisement calls of two species of Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from southern Atlantic Forest, Brazil

FIGURE 1. Advertisement call of Brachycephalus olivaceus: (A) oscillogram of three consecutive calls; and (B) spectrogram and (C) oscillogram of a single call. Non-vouchered recording made at Castelo dos Bugres, Municipality of Joinville, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, on 29 November 2013, 0530 p.m., air temperature 21°C and air relative humidity 100%.

FIGURE 8 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from eastern Brazil, with novel data on the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel)

FIGURE 8. Live specimens of Pseudopaludicola pocoto from Pico das Almas, Rio de Contas, state of Bahia, Brazil. (A) ZUEC 23510 (adult male, call voucher, SVL = 12.3 mm); (B) ZUEC 23511 (adult female, SVL = 14.8 mm).

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from eastern Brazil, with novel data on the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel)

FIGURE 3. Holotype and three paratypes of Pseudopaludicola florencei sp. nov. in life. (A) ZUEC 23521 (holotype, adult male, call voucher, SVL = 12.9 mm), (B) ZUEC 23523 (adult female, SVL = 15.5 mm), (C) ZUEC 23520 (adult male, call voucher, SVL = 13.2 mm), and (D) ZUEC 23522 (adult male, SVL = 12.8 mm).

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from eastern Brazil, with novel data on the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel)

FIGURE 4. Audiospectrograms (above) and corresponding oscillograms (below) detailing the pulsed notes of the advertisement calls of four Pseudopaludicola species with non-concatenated pulses: (A) Pseudopaludicola florencei sp. nov. from the type locality with its three-pulsed notes (Pseudop_florenceiAndaraiBA2aAAGm671; 20:29 h, 26 Nov 2016; air 22°C); (B) Pseudopaludicola pocoto from Pico das Almas, Rio de Contas, state of Bahia (Pseudop_pocotoRioContasBA9bFSA_AAGm; 21:34 h, 25 Nov 2016; air 19.1°C); (C) Pseudopaludicola mineira from Serra do Cipó mountain range, state of Minas Gerais (FNJV 31899; 10 Feb 1964; air 24°C); and (D) Pseudopaludicola falcipes from Viamão, state of Rio Grande do Sul (Pseudopaludicola_4A08; 15:00 h; 28 Sep 1996; air 23°C).

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from eastern Brazil, with novel data on the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel)

FIGURE 2. Pseudopaludicola florencei sp. nov. holotype (ZUEC 23521, SVL = 12.9 mm), an adult male. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views; (C) lateral and (D) dorsal views of head; ventral views of (E) hand and (F) foot. Scale bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 6 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from eastern Brazil, with novel data on the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel)

FIGURE 6. Oscillogram detailing the distinct pulsed notes of Pseudopaludicola florencei sp. nov. that can be emitted shortly after the advertisement call (above). Audiospectrogram and corresponding oscillogram detailing three of these notes (below). Note the differences in the temporal domain compared to notes of the advertisement call. Sound file: Pseudop_florenceiBA14aFSA_AAGm.wav; 19:58 h; 26 Nov 2016; air 23.5°C.

FIGURE 1 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from eastern Brazil, with novel data on the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel)

FIGURE 1. Partial map of South America showing the Brazilian domains and samples included in our molecular, morphological, and acoustic comparisons. The type locality of Pseudopaludicola florencei sp. nov. in Andaraí, state of Bahia, Brazil is indicated with a red star. The inset shows the hypsometric map of the Espinhaço range where tree species occur: the new species, P. mineira in the Serra do Cipó mountain range (MG) (green symbols), and P. pocoto in the Pico das Almas, Serra das Almas, Rio de Contas (BA) (yellow symbols). Municipalities: (1) Andaraí, BA; (2) Mutuípe, BA; (3) Nanuque, MG; (4) Rio de Contas, BA; (5) Xique-Xique, BA; (6) Santa Quitéria, CE; (7) Novas Russas, CE; (8) Quixadá, CE; (9) Morada Nova, CE; (10) Missão Velha, CE; (11) Cajazeiras, PB; (12) Salgueiro, PE; (13) Macaíba, RN; (14) Jaboticatubas (Serra do Cipó mountain range), MG; (15) Belo Horizonte, MG; (16) Novo Hamburgo, RS; (17) Osório, RS; (18) Eldorado do Sul, RS; (19) Porto Alegre, RS; (20) Viamão, RS; (21) Candiota, RS; (22) Santana do Livramento, RS; (23) Esquina, Corrientes; (24) Mercedes, Corrientes; (25) San Martin, Corrientes. Localities from 23 to 25 are in Argentina. Brazilian states: Bahia—BA; Ceará—CE; Minas Gerais—MG; Paraíba—PB; Pernambuco—PE; Piauí—PI; Rio Grande do Norte—RN; Rio Grande do Sul—RS. Legend contains the Brazilian domains and altitude in meters of the hypsometric map. See further details on the entire distribution of P. pocoto in Andrade et al. (2017a) and Silva et al. (2017), and for P. falcipes in Langone et al. (2015, 2016). The blue star is the centroid point of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (type locality of P. falcipes, according Langone et al. 2015).

FIGURE 7 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from eastern Brazil, with novel data on the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel)

FIGURE 7. Phylogenetic relationships of the Pseudopaludicola species from the 2n = 22 clade based in the 12S and 16S rDNA mitochondrial genes. Bayesian posterior probabilities are given near the nodes.

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) from eastern Brazil, with novel data on the advertisement call of Pseudopaludicola falcipes (Hensel)

FIGURE 5. Scatterplot of the discriminant analyzes (DAPC) on the morphometric and acoustic datasets of Pseudopaludicola florencei sp. nov., P. pocoto, P. mineira, and P. falcipes. (A) The two first axes on the morphometric data (9 first PCs, 96% retained variance). Variance explained by the axes: LD1 = 71.6 % (F-statistic = 101.9) and LD2 = 19.5 % (F-statistic = 27.7). (B) The two first axes on the acoustic data (5 first PCs, 94% retained variance). LD1 = 78.6 % (F-statistic = 220.4) and LD2 = 19.4 % (F-statistic = 54.3).

opennotspecifiedAug 2018View details →

FIGURE 1 in Description of the advertisement calls of four species of Amazophrynella (Anura: Bufonidae)

FIGURE 1. Color in life (left column), audiospectrograms (upper graphs) and oscillograms (lower graphs) of the advertisement calls of four species of AmazoPhrynella. A) A. manaos (Campus UFAM, INPA-H 6983, 26.0°C); B) A. bokermanni (Juruti, INPA-H 31861, 27°C); C) A. vote (São Nicolau Farm, UFMT 11141, 27°C); D) A. amazonicola (Puerto Almendra, MZUNAP 917, 25°C).