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Figure 2 in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 2. Migration of the carapace spine during growth to final position. a–e, Palaemon intermedius; f–j, Palaemon dolospina. Body lengths of shrimps (mm): a, 6.0; b, 6.2; c, 6.5; d, 6.6; e, 6.6; f, 6.3; g, 6.2; h, 6.3; i, 6.8; j, 8.4.
Figure 5. Palaemon intermedius. a–f, pereopods 1–5 in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 5. Palaemon intermedius. a–f, pereopods 1–5; b details of chela of pereopod 1 (male, 28.0 mm). g, h, pleopods 1, 2 (male); i, j, pleopods 1, 2 (female). k, telson. l, appendix masculina.
Figure 1 in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 1. SEMs of carapace spines. a, Macrobrachium rosenbergii; b, Palaemon serenus; c, Palaemonetes australis; d, Palaemon intermedius; e, Palaemon dolospina.
Figure 4. Palaemon intermedius. a in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 4. Palaemon intermedius. a, rostrum (female, 33.2 mm); b, rostrum (male, 20.8 mm); c, carapace spine (female, 30.2 mm); d, e, antennule and scaphocerite (female, 30.2 mm); f, scaphocerite (male, 28.0 mm); g, mandible; h, maxillule; i, maxilla; j–l, maxillipeds 1–3; m, mandible of post-larva (all mouthparts, female, 30.2 mm).
Figure 7. Palaemon dolospina. a–f, pereopods 1–5 in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 7. Palaemon dolospina. a–f, pereopods 1–5; b details of chela of pereopod 1 (male, 32.8 mm). g, h, pleopods 1, 2 (male); i, j, pleopods 1, 2 (female). k, telson. l, appendix masculina.
Figure 6. Palaemon dolospina. a in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 6. Palaemon dolospina. a, rostrum (female, 31.8 mm); b, rostrum (male, 32.8 mm); c, carapace spine (female, 31.8 mm); d, e, antennule and scaphocerite (female, 31.8 mm); f, scaphocerite (male, 31.8 mm); g, mandible; h, maxillule; i, maxilla; j–l, maxillipeds 1–3 (all mouthparts, female, 31.8 mm).
Figure 3. Habitus with colour pattern. a in Rediagnosis of Palaemon and differentiation of southern Australian species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)
Figure 3. Habitus with colour pattern. a, Palaemon dolospina; b, telson of P. dolospina; c, Palaemon intermedius.
Climate adaptation and genetic differentiation in the mosquito species Culex tarsalis
<p>The increasing prevalence of vector-borne diseases around the world highlights the pressing need for an in-depth exploration of the genetic and environmental factors that shape the adaptability and widespread distribution of mosquito populations. This research focuses on <em>Culex tarsalis</em>, a principal vector for various viral diseases including West Nile Virus (WNV). Through the development of a new reference genome and the examination of Restriction-Site Associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data from over 300 individuals and 28 locations, we demonstrate that variables such as temperature, evaporation rates, and the density of vegetation significantly impact the genetic makeup of <em>Cx. tarsalis</em> populations. Among the alleles most strongly associated with environmental factors is a nonsynonymous mutation in a key gene related to circadian rhythms. These results offer new insights into the mechanisms of spread and adaptation in a key North American vector species, which is poised to become a growing health threat to both humans and animals in the face of ongoing climate change.</p>
Figure 5 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 5. Amount of quinclorac (mg g−1 plant, mean ± SE) detected by liquid chromatography–diode array detector (DAD) in extracts of plants (aerial parts) from susceptible (SMT2) and two resistant (MSU1 and MSU2) Digitorio ischoemum populations, with previous application of 2 kg malathion ha−1 followed by 0.84 kg quinclorac ha−1 (QM), 0.84 kg quinclorac ha−1 (Q1X), no application of quinclorac or malathion (Q0X), and application of 2 kg malathion ha−1 alone (M), evaluated at 72 and 168 h after treatment (HAT). Means within an evaluation time and treatment with the same capital letter are not significantly different at the 5% level as determined by Fisher's protected least significant difference (LSD) test; means for the same population and evaluation time with the same letter are not significantly different at the 5% level as determined by the LSD test.
Figure 4. Specific glutathione S-transferase activity changes toward 1 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 4. Specific glutathione S-transferase activity changes toward 1-chloro-2,4- dinitrobenzene in Digitorio ischoemum tissues after (A) 0.84 kg quinclorac ha−1 or (B) 7.56 kg quinclorac ha−1. Data were expressed as a percentage change of the nontreated. Values are presented as mean ± SE. Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean. R, resistant; S, susceptible.
Figure 2 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 2. Aboveground dry mass of susceptible and resistant Digitorio ischoemum at 28 d after treatment. The D. ischoemum was at the 3-leaf stage of growth when herbicide was applied. Data were expressed as a percentage decrease of the mean dry mass of the nontreated control. Error bars show the standard error of the mean. R, resistant; S, susceptible.
Figure 1 in Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitorio ischoemum)
Figure 1. Visual control of susceptible and resistant Digitorio ischoemum crabgrass at 28 d after treatment. The crabgrass was at the three-leaf stage of growth when herbicide was applied. Control was visually assessed on a 0%–100% scale (0% = no plant death; 100% = complete plant death). The data were normalized relative to the nontreated control. Error bars show the standard error of the mean. R, resistant; S, susceptible.
Fig. 4 in Temporal And Spatial Pattern Of Genetic Differentiation In Isophya Kraussi (Orthoptera: Tettigonoidea) In Ne Hungary
Fig. 4. Results of the PCA analysis for the two samples collected in the Mogyoróskuti meadows in 1999 and in 2001; i.e. temporalvariation within a population. The points represent the genotypic
Fig. 3 in Temporal And Spatial Pattern Of Genetic Differentiation In Isophya Kraussi (Orthoptera: Tettigonoidea) In Ne Hungary
Fig. 3. Results of the PCA analysis for the three distinct populations; i.e. spatial variation (Karst region: Mogyoróskuti meadows, Haragistya; Zemplén Mts.: Gyertyánkúti meadows). The points represent
Fig. 1 in Temporal And Spatial Pattern Of Genetic Differentiation In Isophya Kraussi (Orthoptera: Tettigonoidea) In Ne Hungary
Fig. 1. Sample sites. Aggtelek Karst region: Haragistya near Aggtelek (1), Mogyoróskuti meadows near Jósvafő (2); Zemplén Mts.: Gyertyánkúti meadows near Telkibánya (3)
Fig. 2 in Genetic Differentiation And Linkage Disequilibrium In A Spatially Fragmented Population Of Cheilosia Vernalis (Diptera: Syrphidae) From The Balkan Peninsula
Fig. 2. Standardized variance of allelic frequencies FST (open symbols) and genetic distance D (NEI 1978) (filled symbols) plotted against corresponding geographic distance between subpopulation pairs of Cheilosia vernalis: Durmitor-Morinj (75 km), Fruška Gora- Durmitor (240 km), and Fruška Gora-Morinj (306 km). Pearson correlation coefficients between geographic distance and FST and D
Fig. 1 in Genetic Differentiation And Linkage Disequilibrium In A Spatially Fragmented Population Of Cheilosia Vernalis (Diptera: Syrphidae) From The Balkan Peninsula
Fig. 1. Map of Serbia and Montenegro showing sampling sites for the studied subpopulations of Chelosia vernalis, and genotype distribution at the Pgm locus. The Pgm locus was the most variable locus in the surveyed subpopulations, and along with differences of allele frequency variances at the
Elastic electron scattering cross sections of ethanol in the energy range 30 eV to 800 eV: Differential (DCS), Integral (ICS) and Momentum Transfer Cross Sections (MTCS)
<h3>Cross section datasets on the elastic electron scattering of ethanol from our publication Eur. Phys. J. D 77, 52 (2023)</h3> <p>The elastic differential cross sections (DCS) are given in the energy range 30-800 eV in the full angular range: 30°-150° experimental, 0°-25° and 155°-180° extrapolated experimental data using the IAM-SCAR+I model.</p> <p>The integral elastic (ICS) and momentum transfer cross sections (MTCS) are given for energies 60-800 eV.</p> <p>Additional information can be found in the README.txt or the publication.</p>
Differential elastic and ionization cross sections of electron - N2O scattering in the energy range 30 - 800 eV
<h2>Datasets on the electron- elastic and electron-impact ionization cross sections of N2O</h2> <h3>Elastic Cross Sections</h3> <p>Elastic differential (DCS) as well as integral (ICS) and momentum transfer (MTCS) cross sections are given in the energy range 30-800eV and angular range 20°-150° (experimental), 0°-20° and 155°-180° (extrapolated experimental data using the IAM-SCAR+I model)</p> <h3>Ionization Cross Sections</h3> <p>Doubly differential electron-impact ionization cross sections (DDCS) are given for primary energies T=30-800 eV and secondary energies up to (T-I)/2, where I is the ionization threshold. The angular range of the measurements is 30°-150°.</p> <p>The singly differential cross sections (SDCS) and total ionization cross sections (TICS) were numerically integrated from the DDCS.</p> <p> </p> <p>Additional Information can be found in the README.</p>
Data from: Differential neuroanatomical, neurochemical, and behavioral impacts of early-age isolation in a Eusocial insect
<p>Social experience early in life appears to be necessary for the development of species-typical behavior. Although isolation during critical periods of maturation has been shown to impact behavior through gene expression and brain development in invertebrates and vertebrates, workers of some ant species appear resilient to social deprivation and other neurobiological challenges that occur during senescence or due to loss of sensory input. It is unclear if and to what degree neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, and behavior will show deficiencies if social experience in the early adult life of worker ants is compromised. We reared workers of <em>Camponotus floridanus</em> from adult eclosion under conditions of social isolation for two to 53 days, quantified brain compartment volumes, recorded biogenic amine levels in individual brains, and evaluated movement and behavioral performance to compare the neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, brood-care behavior, and foraging (predatory behavior) of isolated workers with that of workers experiencing natural social contact after adult eclosion. We found that the volume of the antennal lobe, which processes olfactory inputs, was significantly reduced in workers isolated for an average 40 days, whereas the size of the mushroom bodies, centers of higher-order sensory processing, increased after eclosion and was not significantly different from controls. Titers of the neuromodulators serotonin, dopamine, and octopamine remained stable and were not significantly different in isolation treatments and controls. Brood care, predation, and overall movement were reduced in workers lacking social contact early in life. These results suggest that the behavioral development of isolated workers of <em>C. floridanus</em> is specifically impacted by a reduction in the size of the antennal lobe. Task performance and locomotor ability therefore appear to be sensitive to a loss of social contact through a reduction of olfactory processing ability rather than change in the size of the mushroom bodies, which serve important functions in learning and memory, or the central complex, which controls movement.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.