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FIGURES 20–24. Male terminalia. 20 in Retrocitomyia Lopes, 1982 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): new species, new records, key to males, and an updated catalog

FIGURES 20–24. Male terminalia. 20. Retrocitomyia trinitatensis Lopes (holotype, CNC), epandrium and cerci in posterior view. 21. Retrocitomyia trinitatensis Lopes (holotype, CNC), phallic complex in lateral view. 22. Retrocitomyia andina Lopes (paratype, MNRJ), terminalia in lateral view. 23. Retrocitomyia mexicana Lopes (paratype, MNRJ), terminalia in posterior view. 24. Retrocitomyia urumajoensis Lopes (paratype, MNRJ), terminalia in posterior view. Black arrows point to the postgonite. Abbreviations: jx= juxta, ve= vesica.

FIGURE 12. Cladochaeta arthrostyla, male terminalia. A, D. Terminal view. B, E. Terminal oblique view. C in Going beyond the tip of the Drosophilidae iceberg: New Cladochaeta Coquillett, 1900 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) from Brazil

FIGURE 12. Cladochaeta arthrostyla, male terminalia. A, D. Terminal view. B, E. Terminal oblique view. C. Lateral view.

FIGURES 12–20. Male terminalia. 12 in The Dixa inextricata Dyar & Shannon (Diptera: Dixidae) species group, with two new cryptic species from the eastern Nearctic Region

FIGURES 12–20. Male terminalia. 12, Dixa appalachiensis sp. nov., lateral view (rotated); 13, D. appalachiensis sp. nov., ventral view; 14, D. appalachiensis sp. nov., terminal view; 15, D. calciphila sp. nov., lateral view (rotated); 16, D. calciphila sp. nov., ventral view; 17, D. calciphila sp. nov., terminal view; 18, D. inextricata, lateral view (rotated); 19, D. inextricata, ventral view; 20, D. inextricata, terminal view. Scale bar = 50 µm.

FIGURES 21–24. Male terminalia, 10 in The Dixa inextricata Dyar & Shannon (Diptera: Dixidae) species group, with two new cryptic species from the eastern Nearctic Region

FIGURES 21–24. Male terminalia, 10th tergum, dorsal view. 21, Dixa appalachiensis sp. nov.; 22, D. inextricata; 23, D. calciphila sp. nov.; 24, D. lobata Garrett. Scale bar = 50 µm.

FIGURES 38–42. Male terminalia, C in A new species and new records of Cryptodacus (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Colombia, Bolivia and Peru

FIGURES 38–42. Male terminalia, C. bernardoi (Colombia: Guaduas ICAMF00000045): 38, abdomen, lateroventral; 39, distiphallus; 40, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterodorsal; 41, distiphallus, line drawing; 42, epandrium and surstyli, lateral, line drawing.

FIGURES 9–12. Goniglossum spp., male terminalia. 9. G in New taxa of Carpomyini, with special emphasis on Goniglossum (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae)

FIGURES 9–12. Goniglossum spp., male terminalia. 9. G. liat, epandrium, posterior view. 10. G. liat, epandrium, lateral view. 11. G. liat, phallus. 12. G. wiedemanni, phallus (Solid bar indicates the length of the "bubble-like structure"; dashed bar indicates the length of the distal part of the sclerotization).

FIGURES 17−20. Philetus schizophorus male terminalia. 17. Lateral view. 18 in Review of the little-known western Nearctic fly genus Philetus Melander (Diptera: Empididae), with a discussion of its phylogenetic assignment

FIGURES 17−20. Philetus schizophorus male terminalia. 17. Lateral view. 18. Hypandrium and phallus, dorsal view. 19. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. 20. Epandrium and proctiger, dorsal view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; ej apodejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; epand lb—epandrial lobe; goncx apod—gonocoxal apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; m ap hypd proc—median apical hypandrial process; m sbepand lb—medial subepandrial lobe; pgt—postgonite; ph—phallus; v sbepand lb—ventral subepandrial lobe. Figures 17 and 20 are based on a specimen from Mt. Rainier, Washington; Figs 18 and 19 are based on a specimen from White Mts., Arizona.

FIGURES 13−16. Philetus memorandus male terminalia. 13. Lateral view. 14 in Review of the little-known western Nearctic fly genus Philetus Melander (Diptera: Empididae), with a discussion of its phylogenetic assignment

FIGURES 13−16. Philetus memorandus male terminalia. 13. Lateral view. 14. Hypandrium and phallus, dorsal view. 15. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. 16. Epandrium and proctiger, dorsal view. Abbreviations: cerc—cercus; ej apodejaculatory apodeme; epand—epandrium; epand lb—epandrial lobe; goncx apod—gonocoxal apodeme; hypd—hypandrium; hypd rd—hypandrial rod; m ap hypd proc—median apical hypandrial process; m sbepand lb—medial subepandrial lobe; pgtpostgonite; ph—phallus; v sbepand lb—ventral subepandrial lobe.

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FIGURES 24–29. Pegomya canariensis Michelsen, male terminalia. 24, 25. Sternite V. 26, 27. Hypopygium. 28 in Taxonomic revision of the Pegomya meridiana species group (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) including natural enemies of invasive Hypericum spp. (Clusiaceae)

FIGURES 24–29. Pegomya canariensis Michelsen, male terminalia. 24, 25. Sternite V. 26, 27. Hypopygium. 28. Pre- and postgonites. 29. Phallus. Same scale.

opennotspecifiedDec 2008View details →

FIGURES 8–11. Kerteszmyia ecuadora, male terminalia. 8 in Kerteszmyia, a new genus of Pachygastrinae from the Neotropical Region (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

FIGURES 8–11. Kerteszmyia ecuadora, male terminalia. 8, genital capsule, dorsal view. 9, epandrium and post-genital segments, dorsal view. 10, phallic complex, dorsal view. 11, phallic complex, left lateral view.

FIGURES 59−62. Callomyia male terminalia, lateral view. 59. C. calla. 60. C. corvina. 61. C. gilloglyorum. 62. C in Revision of the Nearctic species of Callomyia Meigen (Diptera: Platypezidae) and phylogeny of the genus

FIGURES 59−62. Callomyia male terminalia, lateral view. 59. C. calla. 60. C. corvina. 61. C. gilloglyorum. 62. C. proxima. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 55−58. Callomyia male terminalia, lateral view. 55. C. argentea. 56. C. arnaudi. 57. C. bertae. 58. C in Revision of the Nearctic species of Callomyia Meigen (Diptera: Platypezidae) and phylogeny of the genus

FIGURES 55−58. Callomyia male terminalia, lateral view. 55. C. argentea. 56. C. arnaudi. 57. C. bertae. 58. C. browni. Abbreviations: ap prj—apical projection; bv lb—basoventral lobe; cerc—cercus; d lb—dorsal lobe; d o csp—dorsal outer cusp; d prj—dorsal projection; epand—epandrium; epand ap proc—epandrial apical process; epand v lb—epandrial ventral lobe; hypd—hypandrium; hypd proc—hypandrial process; i proc—inner process; o proc—outer process; pgt—postgonite; phphallus; sur—surstylus; v i csp—ventral inner cusp; v prj—ventral projection; v proc—ventral process. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 7. Leia bimaculata Meigen, male terminalia. A. ventral view, typical specimens. B, C in New data on poorly known species of the genus Leia Meigen (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from the Palaearctic region

FIGURE 7. Leia bimaculata Meigen, male terminalia. A. ventral view, typical specimens. B, C. hypoproct, typical and deviating specimens. D, F. aedeagal complex, lateral view. E, G. aedeagal complex, ventral view. H–K. gonostylus. (D, E, H– J: typical specimens from Austria, Italy, Lithuania, Spain, Sweden, Czech Republic and Slovakia; C, F, G, K: deviating specimens from Finland and Russia). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: apo = ejaculatory apodeme, dp = dorsal projection of gonostylus, gst = gonostylus.

FIGURE 5. Leia rufiptera Ostroverkhova, male terminalia. A. ventral view. B. dorsal view. C. lateral view. D. aedeagal complex, lateral view. E. aedeagal complex, ventral view. F in New data on poorly known species of the genus Leia Meigen (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from the Palaearctic region

FIGURE 5. Leia rufiptera Ostroverkhova, male terminalia. A. ventral view. B. dorsal view. C. lateral view. D. aedeagal complex, lateral view. E. aedeagal complex, ventral view. F. hypoproct. Scale bars = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, cerc = cercus, gc = gonocoxite, gst = gonostylus, par = parameres, tg = tergite, vmpg = ventral medial process of gonocoxites.

FIGURE 4. Leia nigricornis van Duzee, A–F. male terminalia, G, H. female terminalia. A. ventral view. B. dorsal view. C. lateral view. D. aedeagal complex, lateral view. E. aedeagal complex, ventral view. F. hypoproct. G. lateral view. H in New data on poorly known species of the genus Leia Meigen (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from the Palaearctic region

FIGURE 4. Leia nigricornis van Duzee, A–F. male terminalia, G, H. female terminalia. A. ventral view. B. dorsal view. C. lateral view. D. aedeagal complex, lateral view. E. aedeagal complex, ventral view. F. hypoproct. G. lateral view. H. ventral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, apo = ejaculatory apodeme, cerc = cercus, gc = gonocoxite, gst = gonostylus, hyp = hypoproct, par = parameres, tg = tergite, vmpg = ventral medial process of gonocoxites, vo = ventral outgrowth of gonocoxites.

FIGURE 2. Leia iturupensis Zaitzev, male terminalia. A. ventral view. B. dorsal view. C. lateral view. D. hypoproct. E. aedeagal complex, lateral view. F in New data on poorly known species of the genus Leia Meigen (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) from the Palaearctic region

FIGURE 2. Leia iturupensis Zaitzev, male terminalia. A. ventral view. B. dorsal view. C. lateral view. D. hypoproct. E. aedeagal complex, lateral view. F. aedeagal complex, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations: aed = aedeagus, apo = ejaculatory apodeme, cerc = cercus, dbg = dorsal branch of gonostylus, gc = gonocoxite, gst = gonostylus, par = parameres, tg = tergite, vmpg = ventral medial process of gonocoxites.

FIGURES 1–4. Male terminalia. Fig. 1–2. P. amorimi n in Phthinia Winnertz (Diptera: Mycetophilidae): new species and records from the Neotropical and Oriental regions

FIGURES 1–4. Male terminalia. Fig. 1–2. P. amorimi n. sp., [holotype male]; position and density of setae indicated by alveoli; apex of right gonostylus excluded for clarity. 1. Dorsal view. 2. Ventral view. Fig. 3–4. P. oliveirae n. sp., [holotype male] with one side completely excluded for clarity; position and density of setae indicated by alveoli. 3. Dorsal view. 4. Ventral view. Abbreviations: Gs, gonostylus; Gx, gonocoxites; T9, tergite 9.

FIGURES 7–8 in Comparison of the structure and musculature of male terminalia in the tribes Operophterini, Phileremini and Triphosini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae)

FIGURES 7–8. Pareulype berberata, male genitalia and muscles: 7. Armature (muscles m1 on the left side, parts of the muscles m2(10) on the right side, parts of the muscles m3(2) on the left side, parts of the muscles m4 on the left side and muscles m5(7) on the left side not shown). 8. Aedeagus.

FIGURES 3–4 in Comparison of the structure and musculature of male terminalia in the tribes Operophterini, Phileremini and Triphosini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae)

FIGURES 3–4. Philereme vetulata vetustata, male genitalia and muscles: 3. Armature (valval apices, parts of the muscles m2(10), m4 and muscles m5(7) on the left side not shown). 4. Aedeagus.

FIGURES 1–2 in Comparison of the structure and musculature of male terminalia in the tribes Operophterini, Phileremini and Triphosini (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae)

FIGURES 1–2. Operophtera brumata, male genitalia and muscles: 1. Armature (proximal part of the anal tube and of muscles m2(10), muscles m5(7) on the right side and muscles m6(5) on the left side not shown). 2. Aedeagus.