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621 results for “methodologies”
Data from: A field experiment exploring disturbance-and-recovery, and restoration methodology of Zostera capensis to support its role as a coastal protector
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Data from: Innovative methodology for antimicrobial susceptibility determination in Mycoplasma biofilms
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Case study data of the paper: A methodological guide to observe local-scale geodiversity for biodiversity research and management
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Methodology matters for comparing coarse wood and bark decay rates across tree species
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Data from: Sampling methodology influences habitat suitability modeling for Chiropteran species
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Environmental impact assessment for large carnivores: a methodological review of the wolf (Canis lupus) monitoring in Portugal
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Data for: Validation of a nutria (Myocastor coypus) environmental DNA assay highlights considerations for sampling methodology
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Methodological advances for hypothesis‐driven ethnobiology
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Data for: Majority of potable water microplastics are smaller than the 20 µm EU methodology limit for consumable water quality
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Q-methodology on human-nature relationships and complementary data
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A comparison of biomonitoring methodologies for surf zone fish communities
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Noise study data for: Mechanisms of root-reinforcement in soils: an experimental methodology using four-dimensional X-ray computed tomography and digital volume correlation
<p>This dataset contains noise study data used in the paper: Mechanisms of root-reinforcement in soils: an experimental methodology using four-dimensional X-ray computed tomography and digital volume correlation. These include raw CT scans and processed digital volume correlation data.</p> <p>This dataset is part of another dataset which covers other aspects of the paper DOI: <a href="http://www.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3352268">10.5281/zenodo.3352268</a></p> <p>The structure of the dataset is as follows:</p> <ul> <li>Noise study CT raw volumes are contained in a zip file. There are four raw files corresponding to the four noise study steps. These files are 8-bit unsigned, dimensions are 1800 x 1800 x 1400 pixels. A txt file giving more details to the data is included. <ul> <li><strong>CT_Raw_data_Noise_Scans.zip</strong></li> </ul> </li> <li>Metadata files generated for each scan given details of scan parameters are found in the zip file: <ul> <li><strong>CT_Scan_Metadata.zip</strong></li> </ul> </li> <li>Tabulated digital volume data for the noise study scans are contained in the zip file. Tabulated data for each subset size is included in subfolders. A .txt file explains the structure of the tab separated .dat files, i.e. what each column of data represents, and what CT scan each of the four .dat files relate to. <ul> <li><strong>DVC_Noise_Study_Data.zip</strong></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Some Notable Records of Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Big Rivers in Indiana: Methodology
<p>Microhabitats sampled and collection methods used to obtain data for: Some Notable Records of Mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from Big Rivers in Indiana.</p>
Data from: A quantitative review of density-dependent growth and survival in salmonids: biological mechanisms, methodological biases, and management implications
<p>Understanding the complex variation in patterns of density-dependent individual growth and survival across populations is critical to adaptive fisheries management, but the extent to which this variation is caused by biological or methodological differences is unclear. Consequently, we conducted a correlational meta-analysis of published literature to investigate the relative importance of methodological and biological predictors on the shape and strength of density-dependent individual growth and survival in salmonids. We obtained 160 effect sizes from 75 studies of 12 species conducted between 1977-2019 that differed in experimental approach (sensu Hurlbert, 1984; 65 laboratory experiments, 60 observational field studies, and 35 field experiments). The experimental approach was the strongest factor influencing the strength of density-dependence across studies: density-dependent survival was stronger than growth in field observational studies, whereas laboratory experiments detected stronger density-dependent growth than survival. The difference between density-dependent growth and survival was minimal in field experiments, and between lotic and lentic habitats. The shape of density-dependence (logarithmic, linear, exponential, or density-independent) could be predicted with 66.7% accuracy based solely on the experimental approach and the density gradient (highest/lowest*100) of the study. Overall, the strength and shape of density-dependence were primarily influenced by methodological predictors, while biological factors (predator presence, food abundance, and species) had predictable but modest effects. For both empirical studies and adaptive fisheries management, we recommend using field experiments with a density gradient of at least 460% to detect the proper shape of the density-dependent response, or accounting for potential biases if observational or laboratory studies are conducted.</p>
Implementing Traceability Repositories as Graph Databases for Software Quality Improvement: Datasets used to test our methodology that is presented in the paper 10.1109/QRS.2018.00040
<p>The first dataset is the Event Based Traceability for Managing Evolutionary Change (EBT), it is a public dataset provided by CoEST, the original artifacts and trace links are represented in XML and text format. From the EBT dataset, we selected the 41<em> requirements </em>and 25<em> test case </em>artifacts, in addition to the answer set of 51 trace links which relates the <em>requirements </em>with the<em> test case. </em>Artifacts and trace links are prepared in XML format<strong>. </strong>The data set contains XML for each artifact such as RQ.xml, EBTrelations.xml is the answer set file, TradModel.xml which describes the defined model and TradTraceabilityRule.xml that includes the rules applied for trace link types.</p> <p> </p> <p>The second dataset AgileOERP is collected from commercial management tool to customize an open source ERP applying agile methodology. It contains 350<em> user stories (US), </em>1323<em> tasks (TS) </em>and 198<em> developer test (DT) </em>artifacts, in addition to answer set of trace links that manually generated by developers which relates the <em>user story </em>artifact with<em> task (</em>1304) artifact, as such relates the <em>task </em>artifact with<em> developer test </em>artifact (65). Artifacts and trace links are prepared in XML format<strong>. </strong>The data set contains XML for each artifact such as US.xml, ERPrelations.xml is the answer set file, AgileModel.xml which describes the defined model and AgileTraceabilityRule,xml that includes all rules applied for trace links type</p> <p> </p> <p>The original dataset of the last dataset is the Aqualush irrigation system which is used as a case study in “C. Fox, Introduction to Software Engineering Design: Processes, Principles and Patterns with UML2. Addison-Wesley, 2006”. The trace links are generated and provided in “E. Ben Charrada, D. Caspar, C. Jeanneret, and M. Glinz, towards a benchmark for traceability, in Joint EVOL and IWPSE 2011, pp. 21-30”, in HTML format. For our work, we selected the <em>software requirements specification (</em>396 SRS), <em>user level requirements (</em>48 ULR), <em>use case (</em>74 UC), <em>detailed design (85 DD) </em>and <em>software architecture(15 SArch) </em>artifacts in addition to the answer set of trace links that relate the SRS with other artifacts(4038) and thus relates the DD artifact with other artifacts (1719) . Artifacts and trace links are prepared in XML<strong>. </strong>The data set contains XML for each artifact such as SRS.xml, AqualushRelations.xml is the answer set file, TradModel.xml which describes the defined model and TradTraceabilityRule.xml that includes the rules applied for trace link types.</p>
Impact of national drug pricing policy 2018 on access to medicines in Lahore Division, Pakistan: A pre-post survey study using WHO/HAI methodology
<p><span><b>Objective: </b>To evaluate the impact of new national drug pricing policy (NDPP) 2018 on the access to medicines in terms of prices, availability, and affordability.<b> </b></span></p> <p><span><b>Design: </b>Two cross-sectional surveys were undertaken before and after the launch of NDPP 2018, using a modified WHO/HAI methodology.</span></p> <p><span><b>Setting: </b>Four districts of Lahore division, Pakistan. </span></p> <p><span><b>Participants: </b>16 public sector hospitals and 16 private sector retail pharmacies. </span></p> <p><span><b>Measures: </b>The pre- and post-survey data on prices and availability of Lowest Price Generics (LPGs) and Originator Brands (OBs) of 50 medicines were obtained by visiting the same public and private sector health facilities (n=32). Out of 50, 46 surveyed medicines were from National Essential Medicines List (NEML). Inflation-adjusted median unit prices (MUPs) and median price ratios (MPRs) from 2019 were used for price comparison. Affordability was calculated in terms of number of days' wages required to get a standard treatment by the lowest paid unskilled government worker.</span></p> <p><span><b>Results:</b> The overall mean percent availabilities remained poor in both years i.e. far less than 80%. In public sector, the mean percent availability of OBs improved from 6.8% to 33.1% whereas, in case of LPGs it was reduced from 35.1% to 9%. In private sector, the mean percent availability of both OBs and LPGs demonstrated slight improvements in 2019 i.e. 55.0% to 58.3% and 20.3% to 32.3%. The adjusted MUPs and MPRs of OBs significantly increased by a median of 4.29% (Wilcoxon test p=0.001, p=0.0001). Whereas, the adjusted MUPs and MPRs of LPGs were increased by a median of 15.7% (p=0.002, p=0.0002). Overall the affordability of many medicines for common ailments reduced significantly in 2019.</span></p> <p><span><b>Conclusion</b><b>s</b><b>: </b>The availability of medicines slightly improved, except in the case of LPGs which was reduced at public sector. The implementation of NDPP 2018 led to increase in drug prices, making the standard treatment for some of the most prevalent ailments unaffordable. So verily, the drug pricing policy must be reviewed to ensure access to essential medicines.</span></p>
Datasets in 'Methodologies in the Identification, Analysis, and Measurement of Visual Pollution: The Case Study of Intramuros'
<p>Dataset tabulated in all the methods and procedures done in the study 'Methodologies in the Identification, Analysis, and Measurement of Visual Pollution: The Case Study of Intramuros'.</p>
Supplementary material for: "On the selection of time-varying scenarios of wind and ocean waves: methodologies and applications in the North Tyrrhenian Sea"
<p>All the routines to perform the clustering of the hindcast data have been developed in Matlab.<br> The code Case_study.m allows to reproduce the examples outlined in chapter 3.2, Figs. 15-16 of the manuscript:</p> <p>"On the selection of time-varying scenarios of wind and ocean waves: methodologies and applications in the North Tyrrhenian Sea"</p> <p>Submitted to "Ocean Modelling" - Elsevier, and currently is available online.</p> <p>The code needs to be fed with the data stored into the "hind_param.mat" and "clusters.mat" files, attached to this repo.<br> Please note that the wave parameters stored into "hind_param.mat" cannot be employed for commercial purposes.<br> In case they are meant to be used for research, reference has to be made to:</p> <p>- Mentaschi, L., Besio, G., Cassola, F., & Mazzino, A. (2013).<br> Developing and validating a forecast/hindcast system for the Mediterranean Sea.<br> Journal of Coastal Research, 65(sp2), 1551-1556.</p> <p>- Mentaschi, L., Besio, G., Cassola, F., & Mazzino, A. (2015).<br> Performance evaluation of Wavewatch III in the Mediterranean Sea.<br> Ocean Modelling, 90, 82-94.</p> <p>For further inquires about the hindcast data, please contact meteocean@dicca.unige.it.</p> <p>Finally, results of the sensitivity analysis of CE and W2 with respect to varying number of clusters are stored into the<br> zip files "CE.zip" and "W2.zip", respectively (Figs. from 2 to 8 of the submitted manuscript).<br> Each *dat file refers to a particular set of the data inital conditions (see manuscript), and it is labeled as follows:<br> "*_[FIRST YEAR OF TRAINING]_[LAST YEAR OF TRAINING]_[FIRST YEAR OF VALIDATION]_[LAST YEAR OF VALIDATION]_<br> [TOTAL NUMBER OF TIME STEPS]_[TIME SHIFT BETWEEN SUCCESSIVE SCENARIOS]_*_[INITIAL TIME RESOLUTION]_*_<br> [VARIABLES EMPLOYED].dat"</p> <p>For further information, please contact Giulia Cremonini at:<br> giulia.cremonini@edu.unige.it</p>
Empirical and methodological challenges to the model-based inference of diversification rates in extinct clades
<p>Changes in speciation and extinction rates are key to the dynamics of clade diversification, but attempts to infer them from phylogenies of extant species face challenges. Methods capable of synthesizing information from extant and fossil species have yielded novel insights into diversification rate variation through time, but little is known about their behavior when analyzing entirely extinct clades. Here, we use empirical and simulated data to assess how two popular methods, PyRate and Fossil BAMM, perform in this setting. We inferred the first tip-dated trees for ornithischian dinosaurs, and combined them with fossil occurrence data to test whether the clade underwent an end-Cretaceous decline. We then simulated phylogenies and fossil records under empirical constraints to determine whether macroevolutionary and preservation rates can be teased apart under paleobiologically realistic conditions. We obtained discordant inferences about ornithischian macroevolution including a long-term speciation rate decline (BAMM), mostly flat rates with (PyRate) or without (BAMM) a steep diversification drop, and episodes of implausibly accelerated speciation and extinction (PyRate). Simulations revealed little to no conflation between speciation and preservation, but yielded spuriously correlated speciation and extinction estimates while time-smearing tree-wide shifts (BAMM) or overestimating their number (PyRate). Our results indicate that the small phylogenetic datasets available to vertebrate paleontologists and the assumptions made by current model-based methods combine to hinder inferences about the diversification of extinct clades. We provide guidelines for interpreting the results of the existing approaches in light of their limitations, and suggest how the latter may be mitigated.</p>
Quo Vadis, Methodology? The Key Role of Manipulation Checks for Validity Control and Quality of Science
<p>Data set and code book related to the article "Quo Vadis, Methodology? The Key Role of Manipulation Checks for Validity Control and Quality of Science"</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.