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376 results for “morphological divergence”
Figure 10. Gonostyli. A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 10. Gonostyli. A, Pseudoanthidium nanum (Thüringen, Germany); B, P. scapulare (Villeneuve-lès- Maguelone, France); C, P. tenellum (Krasnoperekopsk, Crimea).
Figure 12. S3, males. A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 12. S3, males. A, Pseudoanthidium nanum (Dordogne, France); B, P. scapulare (Argèles-sur-Mer, France); C, P. stigmaticorne (Cabanes de Fleury, France); D, P. tenellum (Krasnoperekopsk, Crimea); E, P. palestinicum (Jerusalem, Israel); F, P. cribratum (Ayelet Hashar, Israel); G, P. kaspareki (Side, Turkey); H, P. rozeni (Hanna, Pakistan).
Figure 11. Sternal combs. A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 11. Sternal combs. A, Pseudoanthidium nanum (Dordogne, France); B, P. scapulare (Argèles-sur-Mer, France); C, P. stigmaticorne (Cabanes de Fleury, France); D, P. tenellum (Krasnoperekopsk, Crimea); E, P. palestinicum (Jerusalem, Israel); F, P. cribratum (Ayelet Hashar, Israel); G, P. kaspareki (Side, Turkey); H, P. rozeni (Hanna, Pakistan).
Figure 18. Gonostyli, Pseudoanthidium stigmaticorne. A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 18. Gonostyli, Pseudoanthidium stigmaticorne. A, Cape Lukull, Crimea; B, Bet She'an, Israel; C, Agadir, Morocco; D, Restinclières, France; E, Cacela Velha, Portugal; F, Seui, Sardinia.
Figure 9. Dorsal habitus, females. A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 9. Dorsal habitus, females. A, vertex Pseudoanthidium nanum (Kalpetran, Switzerland); B, vertex P. scapulare (Rich, Morocco); C, mesonotum P. nanum (Kalpetran, Switzerland); D, mesonotum P. scapulare (Rich, Morocco); E, metasoma P. nanum (Kalpetran, Switzerland); F, metasoma P. scapulare (Rich, Morocco).
Figure 8. Lectotype Icteranthidium floripetum A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 8. Lectotype Icteranthidium floripetum A, face; B, dorsal view; C, labels; D, vertex; E, T1–T3.
Figure 7. Lectotype, Anthidium sinuatum. A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 7. Lectotype, Anthidium sinuatum. A, lateral view; B, labels; C, metasoma; D, T5–T6; E, mesonotum.
Figure 6 in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 6. Palaearctic distribution of A, Pseudoanthidium nanum; B, P. scapulare; C, P. stigmaticorne; D, P. tenellum.
Figure 4. Lectotype, Pseudoanthidium reptans. A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 4. Lectotype, Pseudoanthidium reptans. A, face; B, dorsal view; C, labels; D, ventral view; E, apex of metasoma, showing tips of gonostyli.
Figure 2 in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 2. Best-scoring maximum likelihood tree based on analysis of COI data. Numbers shown at nodes are maximum likelihood bootstrap values based on 1000 bootstrap replicates in RAxML. Only bootstrap values greater than 50% are shown. Terminals are labelled with a DNA extraction code, species name, collection locality and either as male (m) or female (f). Barcodes were obtained using Sanger sequencing technology, except for those corresponding to specimens 1802 and 1805, which were obtained from non-UCE assemblies generated during UCE sequencing. A, Pseudoanthidium tenellum, Burgenland, Austria (m), photo Bernhard Jacobi; B, P. cribratum, Bukhara, Uzbekistan (f), photo Jessica Litman; C, P. canariense, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain (m), photo Jessica Litman; D, P. stigmaticorne, Crimea, Russia, photo Alexander V. Fateryga; E, P. scapulare, Portugal, photo Ian Cross; F, P. nanum, photo Entomologie/Botanik, ETH Zürich / Albert Krebs; G, P. palestinicum, photo Jessica Litman.
Figure 1. A in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 1. A, nest of Pseudoanthidium stigmaticorne, in a capsule of Tulipa biflora Pall. (Lisya Bay, Crimea). Insert in lower right shows close-up of the same nest. Three males eventually emerged (photo Alexander V. Fateryga); B, Pseudoanthidium stigmaticorne nesting in a stem of Crambe maritima L. (Arabatskaya Strelka sand spit, Crimea). A pin is inserted to mark the nest (photo Sergey P. Ivanov).
Figure 3 in Paraphyly and low levels of genetic divergence in morphologically distinct taxa: revision of the Pseudoanthidium scapulare complex of carder bees (Apoidea: Megachilidae: Anthidiini)
Figure 3. Best-scoring maximum likelihood tree based on analyses of the (A) 75% UCE matrix and (B) 100% UCE matrix. Numbers shown at nodes are maximum likelihood bootstrap values based on 1000 bootstrap replicates in RAxML. Only bootstrap values greater than 50% are shown. Terminals are labelled with a DNA extraction code corresponding to the whole-body extraction performed for UCE sequencing, the DNA extraction code for the same specimen based on single leg extractions performed for barcode sequencing, the species name, collection locality and either as male (m) or female (f). Three specimens (1800, 1802 and 1805) were only sequenced following the UCE protocol and thus have only a UCE extraction code.
Dataset for Xia et al.: Reproductive isolation via divergent genital morphology due to cascade reinforcement in Ohomopterus ground beetles
<p><span>Secondary contact between incipient species and selection against maladaptive hybridization can drive reinforcement between populations in contact and result in reproductive character displacement (RCD). Resultant divergence in mating traits within a species may generate downstream reproductive isolation between populations with </span><span>d</span><span>isplaced and non-displaced traits, referred to as the cascade reinforcement hypothesis. We examined this hypothesis using three allopatric populations of the ground beetle </span><span>Carabus maiyasanus</span><span> with</span><span> a genital lock-and-key system. This species shows RCD in male and female genital morphologies in populations in contact with the sister species C. iwawakianus. In a reciprocal mating experiment using three allopatric populations with differences in male and female genital sizes, insemination</span><span>failure increased as the difference in genital size increased. Based on the reproductive isolation index, insemination failure w</span><span>as the major postmating-prezygotic isolation barrier, at least in one population pair with comparable total isolation to those of other species pairs. By contrast, there was</span><span> only incomplete premating isolation among populations</span><span>. </span><span>These results suggest that RCD in genital morphologies drives incipient allopatric speciation, supporting the cascade reinforcement hypothesis. These findings provide insight into the roles of interspecific interactions and subsequent trait diversification in speciation processes</span><span>.</span></p>
Fig. 2 in First record of Gracixalus quyeti (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Laos: molecular consistency versus morphological divergence between populations on western and eastern side of the Annamite Range
Fig. 2. Female of Gracixalus quyeti from Hin Nam No NPA, central Laos. (A) Dorsolateral view. (B) Lateral view. Photos: T. Calame.
Fig. 1 in First record of Gracixalus quyeti (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Laos: molecular consistency versus morphological divergence between populations on western and eastern side of the Annamite Range
Fig. 1. Map showing the distribution of Gracixalus quyeti, including the localities of the type series after Nguyen et al. (2008) in Quang Binh Province, Vietnam (marked with blue dots) and our first record from Khammouane Province, Laos (marked with a red dot).
FIGURE 14 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species
FIGURE 14. Comparison of the subdigital lamellae of G. nana (no additional granules), G. granulum sp. nov. (1 to 3 small granules dividing proximal lamellae, shown in red) and G. spheniscus (small wedge of granules that extends towards tip of digit) (drawing—L. Tedeschi).
FIGURE 1 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species
FIGURE 1. Distribution maps of species in the Gehyra nana group. A) Distribution of previously-described species and G. nana as redefined here. The distribution of the G. nana complex is represented in light green and based on over 100 genotyped specimens. For other species, symbols represent genotyped specimens. B) Distribution of the four new species described herein. Dots represent genotyped specimens.
FIGURE 10 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species
FIGURE 10. Holotype of Gehyra pseudopunctata sp. nov. (WAM R164776) from Mt Nyulasy, WA, in dorsal, ventral and lateral views (scale bar = 10 mm).
FIGURE 2 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species
FIGURE 2. Species tree (from Moritz et al. 2018), obtained using StartBEAST2 of members of the Gehyra nana group. Numbers on the nodes indicate posterior probabilities. Photo credits: P. Doughty, S. Wilson, R.J. Ellis, S. Mahony, H. Cook, B. Maryan, L. Tedeschi.
FIGURE 15 in Species delimitation in the Gehyra nana (Squamata: Gekkonidae) complex: cryptic and divergent morphological evolution in the Australian Monsoonal Tropics, with the description of four new species
FIGURE 15. Holotype of Gehyra pluraporosa sp. nov. (WAM R174024) from King Edward River west, WA, in dorsal, ventral and lateral views (scale bar = 10 mm).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.